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EC number: 200-666-4 | CAS number: 67-72-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1983
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Richter, J.E., Peterson, S.F. & Kleiner, C.F. Acute and chronic toxicity of some chlorinated benzenes, chlorinated ethanes, and tetrachloroethylene toDaphnia magna . Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 12, 679–684 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01060751
- Author:
- Richter, J.E., Peterson, S.F. & Kleiner, C.F.
- Year:
- 1 983
- Bibliographic source:
- Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials): Standard practice for conducting acute toxicity tests with fishes, macroinvertebrates, and amphibians. ASTM Standard E 729- 80, 1. Philadelphia, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials (1980).
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Hexachloroethane
- EC Number:
- 200-666-4
- EC Name:
- Hexachloroethane
- Cas Number:
- 67-72-1
- Molecular formula:
- C2Cl6
- IUPAC Name:
- hexachloroethane
- Test material form:
- solid: crystalline
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- All chemicals detailed in the publications came from Aldrich Chemical Co. (Milwaukee, WI) ranged
in purity from 95 to 99%.
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Exposure water was sampled at the beginning and end of the acute exposures
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Adult daphnids (Daphnia magna) were obtained from laboratory stock reared at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN.
First instar daphnids less than 24 hr old were collected from brood animals approximately three weeks old
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Remarks:
- Culturing and testing were done with Lake Superior water which was passed through a 5 micron fiber filter, heated to 20~ and aerated with filtered air.
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- Hardness and alkalinity (means and ranges) of test waters were, 44.7 (43.5 - 47.5) and 41.5 (37.0 - 45.5) mg/L (CaCO3), respectively.
- Test temperature:
- 20±1°C
- pH:
- pH ranged from 7.1 to 7.7 and 7.0 to 7.5 for unfed and fed acute tests, respectively.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Dissolved oxygen (D.O.) concentrations ranged from 7.9 to 9.9 and 4.1 to 8.4 mg/L, for unfed and fed acute tests, respectively.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- six toxicant levels; Each toxicant concentration is ~60% of the next higher one.
- Details on test conditions:
- To determine if feeding during these tests would influence toxicity, simultaneous experiments were conducted on fed and unfed animals.
Test containers were 200 ml Erlenmeyer flasks filled to 200 or 160 ml for unfed and fed tests, respectively.
The food concentration was 20 mgg/ L dry wt. (trout chow and yeast). The flasks were stoppered with foil wrapped, neoprene stoppers.
Four replicates with five animals each were used for the control and six toxicant levels.
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 2.9 mg/L
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: unfed group
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 2.4 mg/L
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: fed group
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 2.1 mg/L
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: unfed group
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.8 mg/L
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: fed group
- Details on results:
- Acute toxicity as defined by the 48 hr median lethal concentration and the 48 hr median effective concentration. (LC50 and EC50) were determined for Daphnia magna . There was no mortality among controls. Fed and unfed acute toxicity values were not significantly different,
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The 48 hr LC50 values for hexachloroethane were between 2.4 and 2.9 mg/L for fed and unfed group, respectively. The 48 hr EC50 (immobilization) values for hexachloroethane were between 1.8 and 2.1 mg/L for fed and unfed group, respectively.
- Executive summary:
Acute toxicity (48 hr, LC50 and EC50) values were determined for Daphnia magna with hexachloroethane by following Acute bioassays according to ASTM (1980). The 48 hr LC50 values for hexachloroethane were between 2.4 and 2.9 mg/L for fed and unfed group, respectively. The 48 hr EC50 (immobilization) values for hexachloroethane were between 1.8 and 2.1 mg/L for fed and unfed group, respectively.
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