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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-157-5 | CAS number: 7440-47-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Sensitisation data (human)
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- sensitisation data (humans)
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The identity of the tested chromium substance remains unclear
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- The identification of contact allergens by human assay. 3. The maximization test: a procedure for screening and rating contact sensitizers.
- Author:
- Kligman, A. M.
- Year:
- 1 966
- Bibliographic source:
- J Invest Dermatol.47(5): 393-409.
Materials and methods
- Type of sensitisation studied:
- skin
- Study type:
- study with volunteers
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The human maximisation test method was used for testing.
Induction test: The forearm or the lower leg skin was pretreated with 5% aqueous sodium lauryl sulphate in an occlusive patch for 24 hours, after which an occlusive patch with 3 % of test substance in petrolatum was applied for 48 hours at exactly the same site. This sequence of altering 24 h irritant (sodium lauryl sulphate) and 48 h test substance was repeated 5 times.
Challenge test: Pretreatment with 10% sodium lauryl sulphate epicutaneously for 48 h was followed by 0.5% test substance in petrolatum for 48 h.
A control patch with petrolatum was used for the same time intervals.
The results were presented as grades 1-5. - GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Chromium trioxide
- EC Number:
- 215-607-8
- EC Name:
- Chromium trioxide
- IUPAC Name:
- chromium trioxide
- Details on test material:
- The paper does not clearly indicate whether the substance tested was truly chromium trioxide (a hexavalent chromium compound) or trivalent oxide (dichromium trioxide).
Constituent 1
Method
- Type of population:
- general
- Controls:
- No data on control persons.
- Route of administration:
- dermal
Results and discussion
- Results of examinations:
- "Chromium trioxide" was reported to be a moderate (Grade 3) sensitizer. 13 of 23 humans were sensised.
Any other information on results incl. tables
The author underlined that his study findings demonstrated that chromium(III) salts (named in the context chromium trioxide and chromium sulphate) were not only elicitiors but moderate (grade 3) sensitisers in the human maximisation test. However it remains unclear wether the test substance was truly chromium trioxide CrO3 (chromic acid which contains hexavalent chromium) or trivalent chromium trioxide Cr2O3.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- "Chromium trioxide" was reported to be a moderate (Grade 3) sensitizer. 13 of 23 humans were sensised. The author underlined that his study findings demonstrated that chromium(III) salts (named in the context chromium trioxide and chriomium sulphate) were not only elicitiors but moderate (grade III) sensitisers in the human maximisation test. However it remains unclear wether the test substance was chromium trioxide (chromic acid which contains hexavalent chromium) or trivalent chromium trioxide.
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