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Diss Factsheets

Ecotoxicological information

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: GLP-compliant, guideline study, available as unpublished report, no restrictions, fully adequate for assessment

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2001
Report date:
2001

Materials and methods

Test guidelineopen allclose all
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
Deviations:
not specified
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
Deviations:
not specified
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Hexachloroplatinic acid
EC Number:
241-010-7
EC Name:
Hexachloroplatinic acid
Cas Number:
16941-12-1
Molecular formula:
Cl6Pt.2H
IUPAC Name:
Hexachloroplatinic acid
Test material form:
solid

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:
yes
Details on sampling:
Water samples were taken from the control and the treatment groups (replicates R1 to R2 pooled) and the 0.010, 0.032, 0.10, 0.32 and 1.0 mg test item/L at 0 and 48 hours for quantitative analysis. Duplicate samples and samples of the 0.018, 0.056, 0.18 and 0.56 mg test item/L test groups were taken and stored frozen (approximately - 20 °C) for further analysis, if necessary.

Test solutions

Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: an amount of test material (100 mg) was dissolved in reconstituted water and the volume adjusted to 1 L to give a 100 mg/L stock solution from which a serial dilution was prepared to give a 1.0 mg/L stock solution. Aliquots (10, 18, 32, 56, 100, 180, 320 and 560 mL) of the 1.0 mg/L stock solution were each separately dispersed in reconstituted water and the volume adjusted to 1 L to give the remainder of the test series of 0.010, 0.018, 0.032, 0.056, 0.10, 0.18, 0.32 and 0.56 mg test item/L, respectively. Each stock solution and prepared concentration was inverted several times to ensure adequate mixing and homogeneity.
- Controls: dilution water without test item
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): none - clear and colourless solutions throughout the duration of the study were reported for each test concentration.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Source: in-house laboratory cultures
- Age of test organisms: first instar, less than 24 hours od
- Feeding during test: none

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: none

METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF EARLY INSTARS OR OTHER LIFE STAGES:
- Adult daphnids were maintained in polypropylene vessels containing approximately 2 L of reconstituted water (same as test) in a temperature controlled room at 21 °C. The lighting cycle was controlled to give a 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness cycle with 20-minute dawn and dusk transition periods. Each culture was fed with a suspension of algae (Chlorella sp.). Culture conditions ensured that reproduction was by parthenogenesis. Gravid adults were isolated the day before initiation of the test, such that the young daphnids produced overnight were less than 24 hours old. These young daphnids were removed from the cultures and used for testing.

Study design

Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
48 h

Test conditions

Hardness:
250 mg/L as CaCO3
Test temperature:
21°C throughout the test
pH:
8.0 throughout the test
Dissolved oxygen:
8.3 - 8.5 mg/L
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Nominal concentrations: 0.010, 0.018, 0.032, 0.056, 0.10, 0.18, 0.32, 0.56 and 1.0 mg test item/L
Measured concentrations within 88-112% of nominal, so considered justified to express all as nominal concentrations.
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250-mL covered glass jars, containing 200 mL of test solution
- Aeration: none
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted water prepared from four stock solutions: a) CaCl2.2H2O 11.76 g/L, b) MgSO4.7H2O 4.93 g/L, c) NaHCO3 2.59 g/L, d) KCl 0.23 g/L. An aliquot (25 mL) of each of the four stock solutions a-d was added to each L (final volume) of deionised water with a conductivity of < 5 μS/cm. The reconstituted water had a pH of 7.8 ± 2 °C adjusted (if necessary) with NaOH or HCl and was aerated until the dissolved oxygen concentration was approximately air-saturation value.
- Total Hardness: 250 mg/L as CaCO3
- Conductivity: < 5 μS/cm
- Intervals of water quality measurement: water temperature was recorded daily throughout the study. Dissolved oxygen concentrations and pH were recorded at the start and at the end of the test.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness with 20-minute dawn and dusk transition periods

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: any immobilisation or adverse reactions to exposure were recorded at 24 and 48 hours of exposure. Organisms were considered to be immobilised if they were unable to swim for approximately 15 seconds after gentle agitation.

RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0.010, 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg test item/L (nominal concentrations)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: no immobilisation was observed at the test concentration of 0.010 mg test item/L. However, immobilisation was observed at 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg test item/L.
Reference substance (positive control):
no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
0.13 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Remarks on result:
other: 95 % Confidence Interval: 0.11 - 0.16 mg test item/L
Key result
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
0.052 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
element
Remarks:
Pt
Basis for effect:
mobility
Remarks on result:
other: 95 % Confidence Interval: 0.044 - 0.064 mg Pt/L
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
0.056 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
0.022 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
element
Remarks:
Pt
Basis for effect:
mobility
Details on results:
- Behavioural abnormalities: not reported
Reported statistics and error estimates:
EC50 values at 24 and 48 hours of exposure were determined by Probit analysis (Finney, 1971). The NOEC was based upon zero immobilisation at the relevant concentration.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1. Cumulative immobilisation data after 24 and 48 hours of exposure to hexachloroplatinic acid for Daphnia magna

 Nominal concentration (mg test item/L)       Cumulative immobilised Daphnia  (Initial population: 10 per replicate)                     
 24 hours           48 hours         
Replicate 1 Replicate 2  Total  Replicate 1  Replicate 2  Total 
 Control  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.010  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.018  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.032  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.056  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.10  0  0  0  3  5  40
0.18  0  0  0  0  7  6  13  65
0.32  3  2  5  25  10  10  20  100
0.56  5  5  10  50  10  10  20  100
1.0  10  7  17  85  10  10  20  100

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Conclusions:
The 48-hour EC50 of hexachloroplatinic acid to Daphnia magna was determined to be 0.13 mg test item/L, corresponding to 0.052 mg Pt/L. The 48-hour NOEC was determined to be 0.056 mg test item/L (0.022 mg Pt/L).
Executive summary:

A 48-h acute immobilisation Daphnia magna study is available for hexachloroplatinic acid. The study is reliable without restrictions, being GLP-compliant and having followed the standard test guidelines (OECD 202 and EU Method C.2).

A static test system was followed. Nine test concentrations were used and these were analysed using UV-Adsorptive stripping voltammetry. Measured test concentrations ranged from 88 % to 112 % of nominal, and therefore results were based on nominal concentrations. The 48-hour EC50 was determined to be 0.13 mg test item/L, corresponding to 0.052 mg Pt/L. The 48-hour NOEC was determined to be 0.056 mg test item/L (0.022 mg Pt/L).