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EC number: 289-870-2 | CAS number: 90028-76-5 Extractives and their physically modified derivatives such as tinctures, concretes, absolutes, essential oils, oleoresins, terpenes, terpene-free fractions, distillates, residues, etc., obtained from Abies alba, Pinaceae.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://chesar.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Acute toxicity, oral: LD50 > 5000 mg/kg bw (K, Rel.2).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Acute toxicity: via oral route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1972
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Basic data given, but considered sufficiently reliable for the purpose of hazard assessment
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Standard acute method (limit test)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- (pre-GLP)
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- yes
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: Sherman-Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Fasting period before study: Animals were fasted for 24 h prior to administration of the test item
- Diet: Food, ad libitum
- Water: Water, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 1 week - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Doses:
- 5000 mg/kg bw
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5 animals/sex/dose
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations: Animals were observed for mortality and clinical signs daily for 14 days
- Necropsy of survivors performed: No data - Statistics:
- None
- Preliminary study:
- Not applicable
- Key result
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- > 5 000 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: No mortality was observed
- Mortality:
- - No mortality was observed
- Clinical signs:
- other: - Animals were lethargic soon after dose administration and full recovery was observed 24 h later.
- Gross pathology:
- No data
- Other findings:
- No data
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- Under the test conditions, oral LD50 of Abies alba oil from needles is higher than 5000 mg/kg bw in rats therefore it must not be classified according to the CLP Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 and Globally Harmonized System (GHS).
- Executive summary:
In an acute oral toxicity study (limit test), groups of Sherman-Wistar rats (5/sex/dose) were given a single oral dose of Abies alba oil from needles at 5000 mg/kg bw. Animals were then observed for mortality and clinical signs daily for 14 days.
No mortality was observed. Animals were lethargic soon after dose administration and full recovery was observed 24 h later. In this study, the oral LD50 of Abies alba oil from needles was higher than 5000 mg/kg bw in rats.
Under the test conditions, oral LD50 of Abies alba oil from needles is higher than 5000 mg/kg bw in rats therefore it must not be classified according to the CLP Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 and Globally Harmonized System (GHS).
This study is considered as acceptable and satisfies the requirement for acute oral toxicity endpoint.
Reference
None
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Value:
- 5 000 mg/kg bw
- Quality of whole database:
- Only basic data given in the available study. However, no death out of ten animals was observed at the dose level of 5000 mg/kg bw, which is 2.5 times more than the limit dose of the OECD 401/423/425. A repeat study is unlikely to show worse effects, therefore this study was considered sufficiently robust to cover this endpoint.
Acute toxicity: via inhalation route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Acute toxicity: via dermal route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Acute toxicity: via oral route:
A key study was identified (Shelanski, 1972, Rel. 2). In this limit acute oral toxicity study, 10 rats (5/sex) were administered a single oral dose of test material of 5000 mg/kg bw. The animals were observed for mortality for 14 days.
No mortality was observed at this dose. Animals were lethargic soon after dose administration and full recovery was observed 24 h later.
Oral LD50 of Fir silver (Abies alba) was higher than 5000 mg/kg bw in rats.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Harmonized classification:
Pine needle oil has no harmonized classification according to the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.
Self-classification:
Acute toxicity via Oral route:
Based on the available information, the substance is:
-not classified according to the CLP as the oral LD50 is higher than 2000 mg/kg bw
-not classified according to the GHS since there is no reliable evidence that indicates the LD50 to be in the range of Category 5 values (GHS criteria not met).
Acute toxicity via Dermal route:
This information is not available and not required for this tonnage band.
Acute toxicity via Inhalation:
This information is not available and not required for this tonnage band.
Specific target organ toxicity: single exposure (Oral):
The classification criteria according to the Annex VI of the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 as specific target organ toxicant (STOT) – single exposure, oral are not met since no reversible or irreversible adverse health effects were observed immediately or delayed after exposure and no effects were observed at the guidance value (oral) for a Category 1 classification (C ≤ 300 mg/kg bw) and at the guidance value (oral) for a Category 2 classification (2000 mg/kg bw ≥ C > 300 mg/kg bw). Therefore no classification is required.
The criteria for Transient Organ effects (STOT-SE Category 3) according to the CLP and to the GHS are not met since narcotic effects were not observed in the acute oral toxicity study.
Specific target organ toxicity: single exposure (Dermal):
This information is not available. Not required for substances at the REACH Annex VII tonnage level.
Specific target organ toxicity: single exposure (Inhalation):
This information is not available. Not required for substances at the REACH Annex VII tonnage level.
Aspiration hazard:
According to the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, Substances in Category 1 for aspiration hasard include but are not limited to certain hydrocarbons, turpentine and pine oil. Based on its composition (> 10% of aspiration toxicants, i.e. limonene, pinene), Fir silver oil should be classified for aspiration hazard:
- H304, May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways according to the regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 and to the GHS.
Source: ECHA disseminated dossiers
-Pinene alpha:
http://apps.echa.europa.eu/registered/data/dossiers/DISS-9d952924-c8ed-4614-e044-00144f67d249/DISS-9d952924-c8ed-4614-e044-00144f67d249_DISS-9d952924-c8ed-4614-e044-00144f67d249.html
- Pinene beta: http://apps.echa.europa.eu/registered/data/dossiers/DISS-9d85bc06-0d47-6e67-e044-00144f67d249/DISS-9d85bc06-0d47-6e67-e044-00144f67d249_DISS-9d85bc06-0d47-6e67-e044-00144f67d249.html
- Limonene:
http://apps.echa.europa.eu/registered/data/dossiers/DISS-9eb16d5d-b83e-2831-e044-00144f67d031/DISS-9eb16d5d-b83e-2831-e044-00144f67d031_DISS-9eb16d5d-b83e-2831-e044-00144f67d031.html
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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