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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

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Environmental fate & pathways

Hydrolysis

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Description of key information

Half-life greater then one year at 25 °C and pH values of 4, 7, 9

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Half-life for hydrolysis:
1 yr
at the temperature of:
25 °C

Additional information

Hydrolysis is a common degradation route in the environment, namely the reaction of a substance with water with a net exchange of the X group with an OH at the reaction centre such that RX + H2O → ROH + HX. Hydrolysis is often dependent upon pH as the reaction is commonly driven by hydrogen or hydroxide ions. Hydrolysis kinetics are usually determined experimentally and should be used to consider the test type and whether parent or degradation product should be tested.

Hydrolysable organic groups are those ones that can react with water like Esters, Anhydrides, Amides, Carbammates, Nitriles, Cyanates, Epoxides, Halomethanes, Alkylhalides, Urea.

Read across substance undergoes slow hydrolysis, with a half-life greater then one year at 25 °C and pH values of 4, 7, 9. At 50°C and after 2.4 hours only around 1% of the sample was hydrolysed at pH 4, 7, 9.

Therefore, hydrolytic degradation of Direct Red 23 is unlikely given that the abovementioned tests on similar substance indicate the lack of hydrolysis under any conditions.