Methyl undec-10-enoate

Developmental toxicity / teratogenicity

Administrative data

Endpoint:

developmental toxicity

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2007-01-18 till 2007-02-14

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

This RSS is a read-across, based on a Klimisch-1-rated study on the prenatal developmental toxicity on source chemical undecylenic acid. Justification for read-across : This study performed with undecylenic acid s is used for read-across to evaluate methyl 10 -undecenoate. This read-across is based on the following justification. Referring to ECHA's "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment - Chapter R.6: QSARs and grouping of chemicals", endpoint information is read-across from a structural analogue. A structural analogue is a source chemical whose physico-chemical and toxicological properties are likely to be similar to the target chemical as a result of structural similarity. The similarity may be based on a common precursor and/or breakdown product, that results via physical or biological processes (metabolic pathway similarity). This is used to examine related chemicals, such as acid/ester/salt. Since the target chemical methyl-10-undecenoate is the methyl ester of the source chemical undecylenic acid, read-across between the two substances based on structural analogy therefore technically is possible. The scientific justification for the read-across of the study on oral repeat dose toxicity from undecylenic acid to methyl-10 –undecenoate is based on the similiar behaviour of the two substances observed during the six in-vivo studies on acute effects.

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2007

Report date:

2007

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 414 (Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Undec-10-enoic acid

EC Number:

203-965-8

EC Name:

Undec-10-enoic acid

Cas Number:

112-38-9

IUPAC Name:

undec-10-enoic acid

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

Undecylenic acid

IUPAC Name:

Undecylenic acid

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): UNDECYLENIC ACID or acide undécylénique
- Physical state: white solid
- Analytical purity: 98.75
- Lot/batch No.: 0607007
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 22 December 2007
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature (do not stored above 25°C), away from light.
Analytical certificates, provided by the Sponsor

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS (Caesarian-obtained, barrier-sustaines, virus-antibody free pregnant animals)
- Source: Charles River, L`Arbresle, France
- Age at study initiation: 11 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 212-312 g
- Fasting period before study:
- Housing: barrier rodent unit, housed individually in suspended wire-mesh cages
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad lib. access to pelleted standard diet
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad lib. access to 0.22 um-filtered tap water
- Acclimation period:3,4, or 5 days (delivered as mated females from supplier)
-individual identification by ear tattoo


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22+/-2
- Humidity (%): 50+/-20
- Air changes (per hr): 12
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12


IN-LIFE DATES: From: To:

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

corn oil

Details on exposure:

PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
-mixing: magnetic stirrer
-Rate of preparation of solution (frequency): for up to 4 / 9 days
- Storage temperature of solution: 4°C


VEHICLE
- Justification for use and choice of vehicle (if other than water): not soluble in water
- Concentration in vehicle: 30,90,150 mg/mL
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): 5 ml/kg BW/day
- Lot/batch no. (if required): batch No. 015K0115 (Sigma)
- Purity:98.79 %

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

yes

Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

by HPLC-UV;
deviations from nominal value: 3-9%;
compound in vehicle stable over 9 days at 4°C;

Details on mating procedure:

- Impregnation procedure: purchased timed pregnant
- Proof of pregnancy: vaginal plug referred to as day 0 post coitum

Duration of treatment / exposure:

from day 6 to day 20 post coitum

Frequency of treatment:

once daily

Doses / concentrations

Doses / concentrations 1

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
150 mg/kg bw/day
Basis:
actual ingested

Doses / concentrations 2

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
450 mg/kg bw/day
Basis:
actual ingested

Doses / concentrations 3

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
750 mg/kg bw/day
Basis:
actual ingested

No. of animals per sex per dose:

24 females / dose

Control animals:

yes, concurrent vehicle

Details on study design:

- Dose selection rationale : preliminary study

Examinations

Maternal examinations:

MORBIDITY/MORTALITY/CLINICAL SIGNS: Yes
- Time schedule: once to twice a day during treatment, afterwards once a day


BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: days 2,4,6,9,12,15,18,21 post coitum


FOOD CONSUMPTION: Yes
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as mg food/kg body weight/day: Yes



POST-MORTEM EXAMINATIONS: Yes
- Sacrifice on gestation day # 21 (high-dose group between day 8 and 16 p.c.)
- macroscopic examination of the principal thoracic and abdominal organs


OTHER: fixation and collection of macroscopic lesions

Ovaries and uterine content:

The ovaries and uterine content was examined after termination: Yes
Examinations included:
- Gravid uterus weight: No data
- Number of corpora lutea: Yes
- Number of implantations: Yes
- Number of early resorptions: Yes
- Number of late resorptions: Yes
- Number and ditribution of dead/life fetuses: Yes
- Number and distribution of uterine scars: Yes
- Other: gross evaluation of placentas, macroscopic lesions fixec and collected

Fetal examinations:

- External examinations/fetal weights/sex: Yes: all per litter
- Soft tissue examinations: Yes: half per litter
- Skeletal examinations: Yes: half per litter
- Head examinations: Yes: half per litter

Statistics:

Mean values: one-way ANOVA with Dunnett`s test
Percentage Values: Fisher exact probability test

Indices:

body weight change, net body weight (chnage), total number of resorptions, total number of dead fetuses, % of dead fetuses/litter, total number of live fetuses, % of live fetuses/litter, % of pre-implantation loss, % of post-implantation loss, average fetal body weight, %of pre-implantation loss relative to number of corpora lutea

Historical control data:

no

Results and discussion

Results: maternal animals

Maternal developmental toxicity

Details on maternal toxic effects:

Maternal toxic effects:yes

Details on maternal toxic effects:
mortality 8/24 in the high dose group, termination before end of study;
reduced body weight gain (see table1) and food consumption as well as hypersalivation (24/24) in the intermediate dose group;
hypersalivation (15/24) in some animals of the low dose group

Effect levels (maternal animals)

1

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

150 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)

Basis for effect level:

other: maternal toxicity

2

Dose descriptor:

LOAEL

Effect level:

450 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)

Basis for effect level:

other: maternal toxicity

Results (fetuses)

Details on embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:

Embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:no effects

Details on embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:
none of the parameters investigated was affected
(one fetus in the low dose group with several malformations was not considered relevant but of spontaneous origin)

Effect levels (fetuses)

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

450 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)

Basis for effect level:

other: teratogenicity

Fetal abnormalities

Abnormalities:

not specified

Overall developmental toxicity

Developmental effects observed:

not specified

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1:Maternal Body Weight Gain (±SD)

Interval	Dose in mg/kg bw/day (24 of Dams)
	Control (N)	LDT (150)	MDT (450)	HDT (750)
Treatment: Days 6 -12	40	37	32**	-
Treatment: Days 6 -15	63	57	52**	-
Treatment: Days 6 -21	151	137	135*	-

*  Significantly different (p 0.05) from the control

** Significantly different (p 0.01) from the control

 

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

This robust study summary is a read-across, based on a Klimisch-1-rated prenatal developmental toxicity study with the structural analogon undecylenic acid. Since no hints for developmental toxic effects of undecylenic acid were identified in that study, not even in animals with clear maternal toxicity, it is proposed that also for methyl-10-undecenoate will not be classifiesd as to its reproduction toxicity properties.

Executive summary:

The potential of the test substance undecylenic acid to induce developmental toxicity was evaluated in the rat according to OECD guideline 414. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were treated daily with the test substance by oral gavage between days 6 and 21 post coitum at 50, 450 and 750 mg/kg/day. The dams were observed during the treatement for signs of toxicity. The animals were sacrificed on day 21 post coitum and fetuses as well as maternal animals were investigated for signs of toxicity.

Unexpectedly high mortality in the high dose group led to the decision to terminate the treatment of this group. All animals of the intermediate dose group exhibited hypersalivation, and a significantly reduced body weight gain compared to control. In the low dose group, no relevant effects were observed. Hypersalivation in half of the animals was not considered as a relevant sign of toxicity.

No effects or uncommon findings were observed in the fetuses of the animals (malformations observed in a single fetus of the low dose group was considered incidental).

Consequently, the NOAEL for maternal toxicity was set to 150 mg/kg bw/day, while the LOAEL for this parameter was 450 mg/kg bw/day based on body weight and clinical signs. No signs of teratogenicity/developmental toxicity were observed in the study, and the NOAEL ws set to the highest dose level, 450 mg/kg bw/day (750 mg/kg bw/day was discontinued before end of study). A LOAEL for teratogenicity was not observed.

Justification for read-across:

Even though the two substances were showing certain discrepancies during the in-vivo acute and local toxicity studies, the read-across on the endpoint prenatal development toxicity should be permissible as it was demonstrated in a pH hydrolysis test that methyl10 -undecenoate undergo rapid hydrolysis under gastric pH conditions (report No. 09/ANA/14891/NFS-CPA, 1999). It should also be noted that only some relatively minor toxic effects were being observed, not exceeding category 4 for acute toxicity (methyl-10-undecenoate) or category 2 for eye irritation (undecylenic acid), indicating the generally limited hazardous effects exhibited by the two substances. Since furthermore the physical-chemical properties of source and target substance mostly are comparable as well, to accepting the above suggested read-across is being proposed.