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EC number: 231-472-8 | CAS number: 7575-23-7
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Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in mammalian cells
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 26 September 2008 - 04 January 2009
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 009
- Report date:
- 2009
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 476 (In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 1997
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.17 (Mutagenicity - In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- May 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 870.5300 - In vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Test
- Version / remarks:
- August 1998
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- mammalian cell gene mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate)
- EC Number:
- 231-472-8
- EC Name:
- Pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate)
- Cas Number:
- 7575-23-7
- Molecular formula:
- C17H28O8S4
- IUPAC Name:
- 3-[(3-sulfanylpropanoyl)oxy]-2,2-bis({[(3-sulfanylpropanoyl)oxy]methyl})propyl 3-sulfanylpropanoate
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptoproprionate)
- Physical state: liquid
- Analytical purity: 96.6% (w/w)
- Purity test date: 2008-08-26
- Lot/batch No.: 24318
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 2009-08-14
- Stability under test conditions: sensitive to oxidation
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- Thymidine kinase
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- - Type and identity of media: RPMI 1640
- Properly maintained: yes
- Periodically checked for Mycoplasma contamination: yes
- Periodically checked for karyotype stability: yes
- Periodically "cleansed" against high spontaneous background: yes
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9 liver microsomal fraction from male Wistar rats induced with phenobarbital (80 mg/kg bw) and ß-naphtoflavone (100 mg/kg bw) for three consecutive days by oral route.
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Experiment I
with metabolic activation: 40, 200, 300, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600 µg/mL
without metabolic activation: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 55, 60, 65 µg/mL
Experiment II
with metabolic activation: 130, 180, 230, 280, 480, 530, 630, 675 µg/mL
without metabolic activation: 20, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, 110, 120 µg/mL - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: established vehicle for substances with low water solubility
Controlsopen allclose all
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: ethylmethanesulphonate 200 and 500 µg/mL, methylmethanesulfonate 10 µg/mL (without metabolic activation)
- Positive control substance:
- other: benzo(a)pyrene 3.5 µg/mL (with metabolic activation)
- Remarks:
- with S9
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in medium
DURATION
- Exposure duration: 4, 24 h
- Expression time (cells in growth medium): 72 or 48 h (5 h or 24 h exposure time)
- Selection time (if incubation with a selection agent): 6 days
SELECTION AGENT (mutation assays): trifluorothymidine (5 µg/mL)
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 4
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: cloning efficiency; relative total growth
OTHER EXAMINATIONS:
- Other: colony sizing
OTHER: - Evaluation criteria:
- There are several criteria for determining a positive result:
- clear and dose-reIated increase in the mutant frequency,
- biologically relevant response (at least a 2-fold increase of mutant frequencies related to the respective negative control values and higher
than the historical range of negative controls) for at least one of the dose groups.
- combined with a positive effect in the mutant frequency, an increased occurrence of small colonies (slow growth colonies) indicated by a low
Large/small colonies ratio (smaller than or equal to 1.5 times the ratio of clastogenic controls MMS and/or B[a]P) is an indication for potential
clastogenic effects rtnd/or chromosomal aberrations. - Statistics:
- not necessary
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- at >= 40 µg/mL (-S9); >=313 µg/mL (+S9)
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Experiment I - 4 h exposure - With Metabolic Activation
Concentration |
Cloning efficiency [%] |
Relative Total Growth [%] |
Mutants per 1E+06 cells |
Mutation factor |
Quotient large / small colonies |
0 (DMSO) |
100 |
100 |
60.71 |
1 |
1.25 |
40 |
99.45 |
98.54 |
44.95 |
0.74 |
– |
200 |
99.45 |
71.69 |
43.25 |
0.71 |
– |
300 |
96.70 |
62.66 |
68.92 |
1.14 |
– |
400 |
91.76 |
54.59 |
107.48 |
1.77 |
– |
450 |
98.90 |
48.87 |
64.57 |
1.06 |
– |
500 |
89.01 |
32.29 |
112.17 |
1.85 |
0.87 |
550 |
95.60 |
27.59 |
85.69 |
1.41 |
1.26 |
600 |
90.11 |
13.21 |
108.15 |
1.78 |
1.10 |
B[a]P, 3.5 |
98.90 |
68.85 |
243.73 |
4.01 |
0.80 |
B[a]P Benzo[a]pyrene
Table 2: Experiment I - 4 h exposure - Without Metabolic Activation
Concentration |
Cloning efficiency [%] |
Relative Total Growth [%] |
Mutants per 1E+06 cells |
Mutation factor |
Quotient large / small colonies |
0 (DMSO) |
100 |
100 |
46.33 |
1 |
2.23 |
10 |
81.87 |
75.76 |
89.19 |
1.93 |
– |
20 |
97.25 |
82.59 |
54.28 |
1.17 |
– |
30 |
95.05 |
69.19 |
43.11 |
0.93 |
– |
40 |
65.60 |
57.56 |
68.01 |
1.47 |
– |
50 |
86.81 |
38.86 |
78.51 |
1.69 |
– |
55 |
100.00 |
34.93 |
57.96 |
1.25 |
1.31 |
60 |
95.60 |
25.04 |
48.16 |
1.04 |
2.19 |
65 |
96.70 |
16.34 |
79.48 |
1.72 |
1.47 |
EMS, 500 |
83.52 |
61.99 |
769.08 |
16.60 |
– |
MMS, 10 |
93.41 |
68.16 |
332.63 |
7.18 |
0.84 |
EMS Ethyl methane sulphonate
MMS Methyl methane sulphonate
Table 3: Experiment II - 24 h Exposure - With Metabolic Activation
Concentration |
Cloning efficiency [%] |
Relative Total Growth [%] |
Mutants per 1E+06 cells |
Mutation factor |
Quotient large / small colonies |
0 (DMSO) |
100 |
100 |
95.25 |
1 |
5.45 |
130 |
111.60 |
93.47 |
65.40 |
0.69 |
– |
180 |
111.60 |
86.53 |
46.30 |
0.49 |
– |
230 |
107.84 |
77.71 |
71.18 |
0.75 |
– |
280 |
96.55 |
66.27 |
93.14 |
0.98 |
– |
480 |
114.11 |
40.44 |
49.36 |
0.52 |
– |
530 |
110.97 |
30.48 |
67.17 |
0.71 |
1.39 |
630 |
105.96 |
18.22 |
79.49 |
0.83 |
2.04 |
675 |
89.03 |
13.89 |
164.89 |
1.73 |
2.58 |
B[a]P, 3.5 |
96.55 |
67.52 |
562.23 |
5.90 |
1.06 |
B[a]P Benzo[a]pyrene
Table 4: Experiment II - 24 h exposure - Without Metabolic Activation
Concentration |
Cloning efficiency [%] |
Relative Total Growth [%] |
Mutants per 1E+06 cells |
Mutation factor |
Quotient large / small colonies |
0 (DMSO) |
100 |
100 |
58.93 |
1 |
3.13 |
20 |
92.39 |
95.48 |
109.56 |
1.86 |
– |
40 |
92.39 |
89.64 |
102.58 |
1.74 |
– |
50 |
99.15 |
77.81 |
72.05 |
1.22 |
– |
60 |
95.77 |
57.17 |
79.05 |
1.34 |
– |
80 |
93.52 |
34.35 |
108.22 |
1.84 |
– |
100 |
98.03 |
29.14 |
72.35 |
1.23 |
3.93 |
110 |
103.10 |
22.42 |
82.57 |
1.40 |
3.00 |
120 |
96.90 |
10.59 |
63.38 |
1.08 |
2.15 |
EMS, 200 |
72.68 |
24.95 |
1539.16 |
26.12 |
– |
MMS, 10 |
73.80 |
31.79 |
1207.82 |
20.50 |
0.90 |
EMS Ethyl methane sulphonate
MMS Methyl methane sulphonate
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results: negative with and without activation
PETMP is negative in the mouse lymphoma assay, with and without metabolic activation - Executive summary:
The test item PETMP was assessed for its potential to induce mutations at the thymidine kinase locus using the mouse lymphoma cellline L5178Y in accordance with OECD Guideline 476. The se1ection of the concentrations was based on data from the pre-experiment. In experiment I, 600 µg/mL (with metabolic activation) and 65 µg/mL (without metabolic activation) were selected as the highest
concentrations. In experiment II, 675 µg/ml. (with metabolic activation) and 120 µg/mL (without metabolic activation) were selected as the highest concentrations. Experiment II without metabolic activation was performed as a 24 h long-term exposure assay.
The test item was investigated at the following concentrations:
Experiment I
with metabolic activation:
40, 200,300,400, 450, 500, 550, 600 µg/mL
and without metabolic activation:
10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 55, 60, 65 µg/mL
Experiment II
with metabolic activation:
130,180,230,280,480,530,630,675 µg/mL
and without metabolic activation:
20,40,50,60,80,100,110, 120 µg/mL
Growth inhibition was observed in experiment land II with and without metabolic activation.
In experiment I with metabolic activation the relative total growth (RTG) was 13.21% for the highest concentration (600 µg/mL) evaluated. The highest concentration evaluated without metabolic activation was 65 µg/mL with a RTG of 16.34%. In experiment II with metabolic activation the relative total growth (RTG) was 13.89% for the highest concentration (675 µg/mL) evaluated. The highest concentration evaluated without metabolic activation was 120 µg/mL with a RTG of 10.59%.
In experiment land II no biologically relevant increase of mutants was found after treatment with the test item (with and without metabolic activation). No dose-response relationship was observed.
Additionally, in experiment I and II colony sizing showed no clastogenic effects induced by the test item under the experimental conditions (with and without metabolic activation).
The positive controls and showed distinct and biologically relevant effects in mutation frequency.
In conclusion, in the described mutagenicity test under the experimental conditions reported, the test item PETMP is considered to be non-mutagenic in the mouse lymphoma thymidine kinase locus using the cellline L5178Y.
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