Sulfonium compounds, C11-14-alkylbis(hydroxyethyl), 2-hydroxyethyl sulfates (salts)

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

The substance is a complex mixture. A specific analytical method for determining the test substance components dissolved in test water was not available. The use of a sum parameter analytical method (total organic carbon) was not possible because all test concentrations are below the limit of quantification.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: The stock solution (0.27 mg/L) was prepared by dissolving 1.35 mg of test substance in 5L of test medium and stirring for approximately 10 min. The test concentrations were prepared by diluting this stock solution. Before the dilution, the stock solution was checked for complete dissolution of the test substance.
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): - All stock solutions were colorless and clear with no undissolved test substance visible. All test solutions were visibly colorless and clear throughout each renewal period

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna STRAUS 1820
- Source: Institut National de Recherche Chimique Appliquée, France, in 1978. From this date on this clone was cultured and bred continuously in the Ecotoxicology Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen Germany.
- Age at test initiation: < 24 hours
- Feeding during test: yes
- Food type: diet of live green algae Desmodesmus subspicatus
- Amount: ≤ 126 μL
- Frequency: daily

Feeding schedule: Day of Test Amount of food per parent animal and day [mg TOC] *
0-3 0.10
4-5 0.12
6-7 0.14
8-21 0.20
*amount of feed algae determined as total organic carbon

CULTURE CONDITIONS
- Daphnia brood stock are kept in mass cultures consisting of approx. 20 – 30 individuals for a maximum of 4 weeks.
- Offspring are removed from the mass cultures at least once daily during the normal work week to ensure that young daphnia are <24-h old (first instar) at test initiation.

ACCLIMATIZATION
- cultured under the identical conditions as the test including test media (Elendt M4), water quality, temperature (20 ±1°C), and diet

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Test temperature:

20.9 - 21.6°C

pH:

7.5 - 8.5

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentrations: 0, 0.052, 0.072, 0.10, 0.14, 0.19, 0.27 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass beakers, covered with Parafilm to slow evaporation
- Size, fill volume: 100 mL
- Aeration: none
- Type of flow-through: semi-static
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): renewal 3 times per week
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- synthetic fresh water (Elendt M4)
- Total hardness: 2.20 – 3.20 mmol/L
- Acid capacity up to pH 4.3: 0.80 – 1.00 mmol/L
- Molar ratio Ca:Mg: about 4 : 1
- pH value: 7.5 – 8.5
- Conductivity: 550 - 650 μS/cm
-Total organic carbon: < 2 mg/L
- Culture medium different from test medium: no

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light : 8 hours darkness
- Light intensity: 610-716 lux at a wave length of 400-750 nm

RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0 (control), 0.1, 0.32, 1 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

sodium chloride

Key result

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.19 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

0.27 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

>= 0.19 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

per surviving parent

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- The EC50(48h) of the reference substance sodium chloride (NaCl) was 5.17 g/L.
- This result is within the range of 3.88 – 7.22 g/L, which represents ±2 standard deviations from the published EC50 of 5.55 g/L.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The test substance is toxic to aquatic invertebrates based on long-term exposure.

Description of key information

NOEC(21d) = 0.19 mg/L (nominal) for parent mortality of Daphnia magna (OECD 211)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

0.19 mg/L

Additional information

The chronic aquatic toxicity on aquatic invertebrates was investigated in a GLP guideline study according to OECD 211

(Daphnia magna Reproduction Test) under semi-static test conditions with Daphnia magna as test species. After 21 days of

exposure the NOEC was determined to be 0.19 mg/L and the LOEC 0.27 mg/L (nominal) (BASF 2013). parent mortality showed to be the most sensitive endpoint.