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Toxicological information

Toxicity to reproduction

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
screening for reproductive / developmental toxicity
Remarks:
based on test type (migrated information)
Type of information:
migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
not stated
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Well-conducted study which meets basic scientific principles. The study is a read across from 1-docosanol (CAS 661-19-8).
Cross-reference
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to same study

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
review article or handbook
Title:
The toxicity of behenyl alcohol: I. Genotoxicity and subchronic toxicity in rats and dogs
Author:
Iglesias G, J J Hlywka, J E Berg, M H Khalil, L E Pope and D Tamarkin
Year:
2002
Bibliographic source:
Regulatory Tox. and Pharm. 36, 69-79 2002a

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
no guideline required
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Repeated dose toxicity test in which rats were orally dosed daily for 26 weeks and reproductive organs assessed
GLP compliance:
not specified
Limit test:
no

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Docosan-1-ol
EC Number:
211-546-6
EC Name:
Docosan-1-ol
Cas Number:
661-19-8
Molecular formula:
C22H46O
IUPAC Name:
docosan-1-ol
Details on test material:
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): behenyl alcohol
- Substance type: colourless, waxy solid
- Physical state: solid
- Analytical purity: 98%
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): no data
- Composition of test material, percentage of components: no data
- Isomers composition: no data
- Purity test date: no data
- Lot/batch No.: obtained from Condea, Germany
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: no data
- Stability under test conditions: no data
- Storage condition of test material: no data
- Other:
- Melting point: 70 deg C
- Soluble in: ethanol and chloroform
- Insoluble in: water

Test animals

Species:
rat
Strain:
other: CD
Sex:
male/female
Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River (UK) Ltd.
- Age at study initiation: ~21-28 days at purchase
- Weight at study initiation: no data
- Fasting period before study: no data
- Housing: 5/cage in stainless steel cages, containing absorbent paper
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): expanded rodent diet (Special Diets Services, UK), ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): public supply (Suffolk Water Company, UK), ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 7 days

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21
- Humidity (%): 55
- Air changes (per hr): no data
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 / 12

IN-LIFE DATES: no data

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:
oral: gavage
Vehicle:
other: 1% aqueous Tween 80
Details on exposure:
PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
- test material heated to approx. 80 deg C
- vehicle heated to approx. 75 deg C
- vehicle added to test material while being magnetically stirred at high speed
- resulting 20% (w/w) suspension homogenized and slowly cooled to below 60 deg C
- when cooled to 30 deg C, suspension slowly homogenized again for >=2 min
- cooled to room temp.
- stored at 13 deg C
- prepared once weekly
- 20% suspension used for top dose; for low and mid doses, suspension magnetically stirred and aliquots taken for dilution on day of use; constant dose volume of 5 ml/kg bw per dose
- dilutions mixed by hand swirling followed by magnetic stirring

VEHICLE
- Justification for use and choice of vehicle (if other than water): no data
- Concentration in vehicle: 1%
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): 5 ml/kg bw per dose
- Lot/batch no. (if required): no data
- Purity: no data
Details on mating procedure:
No mating - screening test
Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
no
Duration of treatment / exposure:
26 weeks
Frequency of treatment:
daily, 7 days/week
Details on study schedule:
No mating - screening test
Doses / concentrations
Remarks:
Doses / Concentrations:
10, 100, 1000 mg/kg bw/day
Basis:
nominal conc.
No. of animals per sex per dose:
20
Control animals:
yes, concurrent vehicle
Details on study design:
- Dose selection rationale: no data
- Rationale for animal assignment (if not random): random
- Other:
- Repeated dose toxicity (oral) study - acceptable as reproductive screen since reproductive organs were included in those evaluated
Positive control:
none

Examinations

Parental animals: Observations and examinations:
CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS (including mortality): Yes
- Time schedule: >=twice daily
- Cage side observations included: evidence of reaction to treatment or moribund condition, evidence of ill health such as blood or loose faeces

DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes, individual observations
- Time schedule: once daily during week 1, twice weekly during weeks 2 to 4, once weekly during weeks 5 to 13, once every 2 weeks from week 14 onwards

BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: pre-study, weekly during the study or more frequently if appropriate (for animals in moribund condition), at necropsy

FOOD CONSUMPTION:
- Food consumption for each cage determined: Yes

FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Weekly group mean food conversion efficiencies calculated from the consumption and body weight gain data: Yes, for the first 14 weeks of treatment

WATER CONSUMPTION: No

OTHER: Ophthalmoscopic examination, haematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis - reported elsewhere
Oestrous cyclicity (parental animals):
not examined; ovaries and uterus (with cervix) weighed and examined
Sperm parameters (parental animals):
not examined; testes and epididymides weighed and examined
Litter observations:
no litters - not mated - screening test
Postmortem examinations (parental animals):
SACRIFICE
- Male animals: after 26 weeks of treatment
- Maternal animals: after 26 weeks of treatment

GROSS NECROPSY
- Yes

ORGAN WEIGHTS: adrenals, brain, kidneys, liver, lungs (with main stem bronchi), ovaries, pituitary, prostate, spleen, testes, thymus, thyroid (with parathyroids), uterus, cervix

HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes - adrenals, brain, eyes, optic nerve, femur, heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, seminal vesicles, spinal cord, stomach, thyroid, uterus
Postmortem examinations (offspring):
no offspring - not mated - screening test
Statistics:
Bartlett's test for homogeneity of variance (organ weights, body weight changes); if significant, Behrens-Fisher test, otherwise Dunnett's test.
Two-tailed Fisher's exact test (macroscopic/microscopic pathological findings).
Reproductive indices:
not mated - screening test
Offspring viability indices:
no offspring - not mated - screening test

Results and discussion

Results: P0 (first parental generation)

General toxicity (P0)

Clinical signs:
no effects observed
Body weight and weight changes:
no effects observed
Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
no effects observed
Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
no effects observed
Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
no effects observed
Other effects:
not examined

Reproductive function / performance (P0)

Reproductive function: oestrous cycle:
not examined
Reproductive function: sperm measures:
not examined
Reproductive performance:
not examined

Details on results (P0)

CLINICAL SIGNS AND MORTALITY
- one male in the mid-dose group died at week 25 (examination suggested aspiration of test material through mis-dosing; not considered to be treatment-related)
- no other clinical signs of systemic toxicity or mortality

BODY WEIGHT AND WEIGHT GAIN
- no effects

FOOD CONSUMPTION
- presumably no effects

FOOD EFFICIENCY
- no effects

REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION: ESTROUS CYCLE (PARENTAL ANIMALS)
- not examined - screening test

REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION: SPERM MEASURES (PARENTAL ANIMALS)
- not examined - screening test

REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE (PARENTAL ANIMALS)
- not examined - screening test

ORGAN WEIGHTS (PARENTAL ANIMALS), including testis, epididymis, ovaries, uterus (with cervix)
- no effects

GROSS PATHOLOGY (PARENTAL ANIMALS), including testis, epididymis, ovaries, uterus (with cervix)
- no effects

HISTOPATHOLOGY (PARENTAL ANIMALS), including testis, epididymis, ovaries, uterus (with cervix)
- no effects

Effect levels (P0)

Dose descriptor:
NOAEL
Effect level:
1 000 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
Sex:
male/female
Basis for effect level:
other: overall effects
Remarks on result:
other: Generation: not mated - screening study (migrated information)

Results: F1 generation

General toxicity (F1)

Clinical signs:
not examined
Mortality / viability:
not examined
Body weight and weight changes:
not examined
Sexual maturation:
not examined
Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
not examined
Gross pathological findings:
not examined
Histopathological findings:
not examined

Details on results (F1)

no offspring - not mated - screening test

Overall reproductive toxicity

Reproductive effects observed:
not specified

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
In a reliable screening study, a repeated oral dose NOAEL of 1000 mg/kg bw/day was determined for effects on reproductive organs in the rat. The result is a read across from 1-docosanol (CAS 661-19-8).