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EC number: 230-258-1 | CAS number: 6992-11-6
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- Aquatic toxicity
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- Short-term toxicity to fish
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Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- DEC 2004 to JAN 2005
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study (OECD TG 471), with Prival modification for azo-dyes perfrormed under GLP
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 005
- Report date:
- 2005
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4-[(2,5-dichlorophenyl)azo]-N-(2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl)-3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxamide
- EC Number:
- 230-258-1
- EC Name:
- 4-[(2,5-dichlorophenyl)azo]-N-(2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl)-3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxamide
- Cas Number:
- 6992-11-6
- Molecular formula:
- C24H15Cl2N5O3
- IUPAC Name:
- 4-[(1E)-2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)diazen-1-yl]-3-hydroxy-N-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3-benzodiazol-5-yl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide
- Test material form:
- solid: nanoform, no surface treatment
Constituent 1
Method
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- rat liver S9 (induced with phenobarbital/beta-naphtoflavone; experiment I); hamster liver S9 (non-induced; experiment II)
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Experiment I: 3, 10, 33, 100, 333, 1000, 2500 and 5000 µg/plate
Experiment II: 33, 100, 333, 1000, 2500 and 5000 µg/plate - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: solubility properties of the solvent and its relative non-toxicity to the bacteria
Controlsopen allclose all
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: sodium azide (TA 1535 and TA 100), 4-Nitro-o-phenylene-diamine (TA 1537 and TA 98), methyl methane sulfonate (WP2 uvrA)
- Remarks:
- without metabolic activation
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-aminoanthracene (for all strains)
- Remarks:
- with metabolic activation (rat liver S9)
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-aminoanthracene (TA 1535, TA 100, TA 1537, WP2 uvrA), congo red (TA 98)
- Remarks:
- with metabolic activation (hamster liver S9)
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION:
Experiment I: plate incorporation assay without and with induced rat liver S9 mix (induction with phenobarbital/beta-naphthoflavone)
Experiment II: plate incorporation assay without and with non-induced hamster liver S9 mix
DURATION
- Preincubation period: Experiment II: 30° C for 30 minutes
- Exposure duration: at least 48 hours up to 72 hours at 37° C
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3 plates per strain and dose level, including the control - Evaluation criteria:
- A test item is considered as a mutagen if a biologically relevant increase in the number of revertants exceeding the threshold of twice (strains TA 98, TA 100, WP2 uvrA) or thrice (strains TA 1535, TA 1537) the colony count of the corresponding solvent colony is observed.
A dose dependent increase is considered biologically relevant if the threshold is exceeded at more than one concentration.
An increase exceeding the threshold at only one concentration is judged as biologically relevant if reproduced in an independent second experiment.
A dose dependent increase in the number of revertant colonies below the thresshold is regarded as an indication of mutagenic potential if reproduced in an independent second experiment. however, whenever the colony counts remain within the historical range of negative annd solvent controls such as an increase is not considered biologically relevant. - Statistics:
- Arithmetic means and standard deviation of the counted colonies were calculated.
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not examined
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not examined
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- COMPARISON WITH HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA:
The number of colonies was slightly above our historical control range in strains TA 1537 (negative and solvent control, exp. II) and TA 98 (solvent control, exp. II) with S9 mix. Since this deviation is rather small, this effect is considered to be based upon biologically irrelevant fluctuations in the number of colonies.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON CYTOTOXICITY:
The plates incubated with the test item showed normal background growth up to 5000 µg/plate with and without metabolic activation in both experiments.
Minor toxic effects, evident as a reduction in the number of revertants, occurred at 5000 µg/plate in experiment II in strains TA 1537 (without S9 mix) and TA 98 (with and without S9 mix).
Precipitation occured in experiment II starting from 1000 µg/plate.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results: negative
The test item showed no mutagenic activity in both experiments (plate incorporation assay, preincubation assay) each with and without metabolic activation. - Executive summary:
Mutagenic activity of the test item was investigated in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA98 and TA100 as well as Escherichia coli strain WP2 uvrA with (induced rat liver S9 mix) and without metabolic activation at concentrations of 3, 10, 33, 100, 333, 1000, 2500 and 5000 µg/plate using the plate incorporation assay. Due to the test items characteristic as an azo-dye the test was also conducted using the Prival modification, i.e. testing the above mentioned bacterial strains in the preincubation assay without and with uninduced hamster liver S9 mix for metabolic activation. This test was performed using the concentrations 33, 100, 333, 1000, 2500 and 5000 µg/plate.
The plates incubated with the test item showed normal background growth up to 5000 µg/plate with and without metabolic activation in both experiments.
Minor toxic effects, evident as a reduction in the number of revertants, occurred at 5000 µg/plate in experiment II in strains TA 1537 (without S9 mix) and TA 98 (with and without S9 mix).
Precipitation occured in experiment II starting from 1000 µg/plate.
The test item did not reveal any mutagenic activity under the conditions tested. The appropriate reference mutagenes showed distinct positive mutagenic effects.
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