Propazine

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

June 1977

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Contains sufficient detail to suggest GLP-like characteristics even though no statement of certification is reported (reasonably thorough description of authors, dates, design, results, and interpretation).

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1977

Report date:

1977

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: The Committee on Methods for Toxicity Tests with Aquatic Organisms. 1975. Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macro - invertebrates, and Amphibians. EPA - 660/3/75009 p. 61.

Deviations:

not specified

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: American Public Health Association. 1971. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 13th Ed. New York. 874p.

Deviations:

not specified

Test guideline 3

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Finney, D. J. 1971. Statistical Method in Biological Assay, 2nd Ed. Griffin. London. p. 668.

Deviations:

not specified

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Daphnids are found in nearly all types of freshwater habitats. They are an important part of the aquatic food web and serve as food for many species of fish. Because of their wide geographic distribution, importance as food web organisms and temperature requirements, D. magna has been recommended by The Committee on Methods for Toxicity with Aquatic Organisms (1975) as a bioassay organism.

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Propazine

EC Number:

205-359-9

EC Name:

Propazine

Cas Number:

139-40-2

Molecular formula:

C9H16ClN5

IUPAC Name:

6-chloro-N2,N4-bis(propan-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine

Details on test material:

Material: propazine FL-761357
Appaerance: white powder
the test material is soluble in acetone

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
not applicable

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test solutions

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

The bioassay was conducted using five concentrations of Propazine, a control, and solvent control. The concentration of acetone in the solvent control equalled the amount in the highest toxicant concentration. Four replicates were run. A stock solution (100 mg/ml) was prepared by weight to a precision of 0.1 mg and diluted to volume in volumetric glassware with reagent grade acetone. The test was conducted in 250 ml glass beakers containing 200 ml of water. The test was started by introducing the toxicant into a 1 liter beaker containing dilution water, thoroughly mixing the toxicant and dilution water and then decanting 200 ml into each of four 250 ml beakers. Five organisms were introduced into each of the test beakers.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

Daphnia magna were obtained from a laboratory stock culture. The original stock was obtained from the National Water Quality Laboratory in Duluth, Minnesota. Stock cultures were maintained at 17°C in three liter glass battery jars. Twenty hours prior to starting a bioassay, approximately 15 adults with full brood chambers were isolated into soft lake water. The following morning the newly released instars (less than 20 hours old)
were carefully removed with an eye dropper and distributed to the test beakers.

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

no post exposure observation period.

Test conditions

Hardness:

Hardness: 48 mg/L as CaCO3
Alkalinity: 26 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

Test temperature was maintained at 17°C ± 1 °C by use of a water bath.

pH:

the pH of the test solution has been measured initially and at 48 hours for the control, solvent control, high, medium and low toxicant concentrations, see the table in the box "any other information on material and methods incl. tables"

Dissolved oxygen:

The dissolved oxygen of the test solution has been measured initially and at 48 hours for the control, solvent control, high, medium and low toxicant concentrations, see the table in the box "any other information on material and methods incl. tables"

Salinity:

Any info about salinity have been reported. It have been reported the hardness, the pH and the conductivity of the dilution water ( see the appropriate boxes).

Nominal and measured concentrations:

The propazine nominal concentrations were: 5.6, 10.0, 18.0, 32.0, 56.0 mg/L. The nominal concentrations of the test substance have not neen measured.

Details on test conditions:

Dilution water for the daphnid test was obtained from a snail lake located in Westchester County, New York. The water was filtered through a Millipore filter fitted with a Whatman GF/C filter membrane prior to use. First instar daphaids readily survived without feeding for 48 hours so the water was judged to be of acceptable quality for the bioassay. Prior to use the water was intensively aerated. Lake water was characterized as having a pH of 7.43, total hardness of 48 mg/i as CaCO3, total alkalinity of 26 mg/l as CaCO3, and a specific conductivity of 115 pmhos/cm. Hardness and alkalinity were determined according to standard analytical procedures (American Public Health Association, 1971), pH with an ORION ph meter, conductivity with a YSI conductivity bridge and dissolved oxygen with a YSI oxygen meter.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

45.9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: 95% confidencial Interval was 37.7 - 56 mg/L.

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

17.7 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: 95% Confidencial interval was 13.4 - 23.6 mg/l

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

other: No effect level

Effect conc.:

< 5.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Details on results:

The 48 hour LC50 with 95% confidence limits for Propazine to D. magna is 17.7 (13.4 - 23.6) mg/i. The 48 hour no effect level was observed to be less than 5.6 mg/l. It should be noted that LC5O values may vary with different species, temperatures and water qualities.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

not applicable

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The concentration of toxicant lethal to 50% of the population (LC50) and the 95% confidence limits were determined by the Spearman-Karber Estimator (Finney, 1971).

Any other information on results incl. tables

Percent mortality:

Propazine nominal conc. Mg/L	control	Solvent control	5.6	10.0	18.0	32.0	56.0
24 hours	0%	0%	5%	5%	15%	10%	50%
48 hours	0%	5%	30%	45%	50%	50%	75%

LC50 values:

24 hours 48 hours

LC50 mg/L		45.9	17.7
95% Confidence Interval	Low	37.7	13.4
	High	56.0	23.6

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified