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EC number: 920-632-9 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
- Remarks:
- other: calculation based on classification
- Type of information:
- calculation (if not (Q)SAR)
- Remarks:
- Migrated phrase: estimated by calculation
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Automatic calculation tool in development at Eurometaux
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- other: software
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 010
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The potential of the UVCB substance to cause specific target organ toxicity following repeated exposure by oral route was established by classifying the complex metal substance according to rules for classification of mixtures for STOT RE (EU CLP guidance section 3.9.3 pg 382ff). The classification criteria (as set out in EU CLP Annex I: 3.9.3.4.1.) can be used to estimate effects derived from that classification/hazard.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Slag, nickel smelting
- IUPAC Name:
- Slag, nickel smelting
- Details on test material:
- Typical across industry as defined in IUCLID 1.2;
See IUCLID Section 1.4, for company specific elemental composition; and representative sample for mineralogical information (IUCLID Section 4.23 -Outotec report)
Constituent 1
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: dust
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 90 days
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Dose descriptor:
- conc. level:
- Effect level:
- > 2 mg/L air (nominal)
- Based on:
- dissolved
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
The calculated classification via rules for mixtures (Lower Tier) resulted in No classification
Based on this result, the related criteria provided the estimated dose/concentration value at or below which no significant toxic effects would be observed in a 90-day repeated-dose studyby inhalation route (see EU CLP Guidance Annex IAnnex 3.9.2.9.7,Table 3.9.3) : Inhalation rat dust/mist/fume , dose /concentration >2 mg/litre/6h/day
For more details, see "Human Health classification of C2 nickel slag", attachment in Section7 "Summary record Toxicological information”
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Study can be used to predict the single organ toxicity effect by inhalation route and to determine hazard/classification of the UVCB substance
- Executive summary:
The study provided a conservative estimate of the Single organ toxicity effect, derived on basis of the Classification outcome by applying the rules for mixtures of a Typical (across industry) nickel slag.
Chemistry of the substance (see IUCLID section 4.23 chemical and mineralogical characterization) shows that nickel slag does contains only minor constituents classified as a STOT RE Cat 1 (Ni compounds) at actual levels 0.15% in typical samples and 0.44%.maximum levels accross industry.
It can be also demonstrated that nickel lag contains minor constituents classified as STOT RE Cat 2 ( ex.Pb compounds) at actual levels <0.02%
Nickel slag granules do contain small inhalable fraction (particles less than 100 μm) about 0.22% but do not contain particles smaller than 20 μm.
Therefore inhalation route is relevant for nickel slag due to possibility of exposure to particles of an inhalable size.
A conservative assumption is made that all nickel and lead containing particles in the slag will deposit in the upper airways, such particles will than enter the gastrointestinal tract,where further uptake of all dissolved particles will take place.
In vitro measurements of bio-accessibility in solvent that resembles gastric fluid performed according to ASTM D5517.07.(pH 1.5)
Results demonstrate reduced relative bio- accessibility of metals (Cu 0.04, Ni 0.05, Co 0.06).Dissolved concentrations of Pb and As were below detection limit.
The measurements allowed to demonstrate that the maximum level of bio-accessible Ni fraction in nickel slag is 0.02 % (based on worst case composition)
Based on the above it is concluded that slag, nickel smelting does not need classification for STOT repeated exposure by inhalation route. Therefore estimated dose/concentration value at or below which no significant toxic effects would be observed in a 90-day repeated-dose studyis : Inhalation rat dust/mist/fume dose/concentration >2 mg/litre/6h/day
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