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Diss Factsheets

Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability
Type of information:
read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
Not specified
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: The study was conducted according to OECD 302B test guideline but full details are not available.
Justification for type of information:
The citrate component of bismuth citrate has a very similar structure to citric acid therefore a read-across approach is considered to be justified.
The concept of ready biodegradability does not apply to the bismuth component of bismuth citrate.
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)
Deviations:
not specified
GLP compliance:
not specified
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
None
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
other: 1 g sludge/litre
Details on inoculum:
None
Duration of test (contact time):
14 d
Initial conc.:
ca. 400 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
DOC removal
Details on study design:
No data
Reference substance:
other: no data
Preliminary study:
No data
Test performance:
No data
Parameter:
% degradation (DOC removal)
Value:
85
Sampling time:
14 d
Details on results:
A DOC removal of 85% citiric acid was obtained after 1 day.
Results with reference substance:
No data
Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Interpretation of results:
inherently biodegradable
Conclusions:
An inherent biodegradation value of 85% after 1 day in 14 days have been determined for Citric acid in a test conducted according to OECD Guideline 302B.
Executive summary:

An inherent biodegradation value of 85% after 1 day in 14 days have been determined for read-across substance, citric acid, in a test conducted in accordance with OECD Guideline 302B.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
Not specified
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: The study was conducted according to the OECD 301B test guideline, however, full details of the study are not available.
Justification for type of information:
The citrate component of bismuth citrate has a very similar structure to citric acid therefore a read-across approach is considered to be justified.
The concept of ready biodegradability does not apply to the bismuth component of bismuth citrate.
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
Deviations:
not specified
GLP compliance:
not specified
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
No data
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
other: Effluents after acclimation
Details on inoculum:
No data
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
10 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Details on study design:
No data
Reference substance:
other: No data
Preliminary study:
No data
Test performance:
No data
Parameter:
% degradation (CO2 evolution)
Value:
97
Sampling time:
28 d
Details on results:
No data
Results with reference substance:
No data
Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
A ready biodegradation value of 97% has been determined for Citric acid in a test conducted according to OECD Guideline 301 B.
Executive summary:
A ready biodegradation value of 97% has been determined for read-across substance, citric acid, in a test conducted according to OECD Guideline 301 B.
Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: The study was conducted according to OECD 301E test guideline, however, complete details are not provided.
Justification for type of information:
The citrate component of bismuth citrate has a very similar structure to citric acid therefore a read-across approach is considered to be justified.
The concept of ready biodegradability does not apply to the bismuth component of bismuth citrate.
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 E (Ready biodegradability: Modified OECD Screening Test)
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
In order to maintain an optimal C:N:P ratio, ammonium concentration specified in the OECD procedure was tripled.
GLP compliance:
not specified
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
No data
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
other: The inoculum 0.05% effluent
Details on inoculum:
No data
Duration of test (contact time):
19 d
Initial conc.:
320 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
DOC removal
Details on study design:
Composition of medium: To maintain an optimal C:N:P ratio, the ammonium concentration specified in the OECD procedure was tripled. In addition, a trace metal and an essential vitamin solution was added to optimize the test conditions.
Reference substance:
other: No data
Preliminary study:
No data
Test performance:
No data
Parameter:
% degradation (DOC removal)
Value:
100
Sampling time:
19 d
Details on results:
No data
Results with reference substance:
No data
Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
A ready biodegradation value of 100% in 19 days have been determined for Citric acid in a test conducted according to OECD 301E. The result is considered reliable.
Executive summary:
A ready biodegradation value of 100% in 19 days have been determined for read-across substance, citric acid in a test conducted according to OECD Guideline 301E.

Description of key information

Three studies conducted according to different OECD Guidelines found read-across substance, citric acid, to be readily biodegradable therefore, by read-across the citrate component of bismuth citrate is considered to be biodegradable. The concept of ready biodegradabiity does not apply to the bismuth component of bismuth citrate.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Additional information

Three studies conducted according to different OECD Guidelines found read-across substance, citric acid, to be readily biodegradable. The citrate component of bismuth citrate has a very similar structure to citric acid therefore a read-across approach is considered to be justified.

The concept of ready biodegradability does not apply to the bismuth component of bismuth citrate.