Benzenamine, reaction products with aniline hydrochloride and nitrobenzene, hydrochlorides

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Test method according to OECD Guideline 301D. No data on GLP.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

(without toxicity control, 2 replicates each)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Municipal waste water treatment plant of Manresa.

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

2 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium:
Solution 1: KH2PO4 8.50 g/L H2O
K2HPO4 21.75 g/L H2O
Na2HPO4.2H2O 33.40 g/L H2O
NH4Cl 0.5 g/L H2O
Solution 2: CaCl2.2H20 36.40 g/L H2O
Solution 3: MgSO4.7H20 22.50 g/L H2O
Solution 4: FeCl3.6H20 0.25 g/L H2O
Add 1000 mL of deionized water to 1mL of each solution.
- Test temperature: 20 ± 2 ºC
- Continuous darkness: yes

TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: BOD bottles
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2
- Measuring equipment: Oximeter (EUTECH, CyberScan Waterproof)

SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: 0h, 1d, 3d, 7d, 14d, 21d, 28d
- Sampling method: Oxygen disolution measurement (BOD determination)

CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Yes
- Reference control: Yes
- Toxicity control: No

Reference substance:

acetic acid, sodium salt

Remarks:

(2 mg/L)

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

5

Sampling time:

28 d

Results with reference substance:

Sodium acetate reached 60% of biodegradation in 14 days (80% in 28 days).

Time (days)	BOD (mgO2/mg)			Biodegradation (%)
	Test item	Sodium acetate	Blank	Test item	Sodium acetate
0	-	-	8.08	0	0
1	0	0.04	7.88	0	5
2	0.01	0.14	7.62	1	18
7	0.02	0.34	7.24	1	42
14	0.04	0.48	7.00	2	60
21	0.06	0.56	6.79	3	71
28	0.11	0.63	6.60	5	80

COD:

Test item: 2.09 mg O2/mg

Reference item: 0.79 mg O2/mg

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

(Oxygen depletion in the inoculum blank lower than 1.5 mg O2/L in 28 days, oxygen concentration in the test bottles was higher than 0.5 mg/L during the test)

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Conclusions:

The test item was determined to be not readily biodegradable. The biodegradation was of 5% after 28 days.

Executive summary:

A readily biodegradation study was performed on test item according to OECD Guideline 301D. 2 mg/L of test item reference item (sodium acetate) plus a control blanck, were exposed in replicates to activated sludge under aerobic conditions in dark closed bottles. The oxygen consumption was determined at 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The biodegradation of the test item after 28 days was of 5%. The test item was determined to be not readily biodegradable.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Test method according to OECD TG 301 C. No data on GLP.

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))

GLP compliance:

not specified

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

Concentration of sludge: 30mg/L

Duration of test (contact time):

4 wk

Initial conc.:

100 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Parameter:

other: BOD

Value:

0

Sampling time:

4 wk

Parameter:

% degradation (test mat. analysis)

Remarks:

(HPLC)

Value:

2

Sampling time:

4 wk

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Conclusions:

The test substance was determined to be not readily biodegradable under test conditions.

Executive summary:

The readily biodegradation test was performed by MITI according to OECD Guideline 301 C. Activated sludge (30 mg/L) was exposed for 4 weeks to 100 mg/L of test item. The biodegradation was analysed by indirect BOD analysis, obtaining a biodegradation of 0% and by direct HPLC analysis obtaining a biodegradation of 2%. Based on this results, the test item was determined to be not readily biodegradable under test conditions.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

calculation (if not (Q)SAR)

Remarks:

Estimated by calculation

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Internationally accepted method, EPI-Suite, EPA (USA)

Justification for type of information:

QSAR prediction: migrated from IUCLID 5.6

Principles of method if other than guideline:

QSAR calculation by EPI-Suite BIOWIN v4.10 (attached QSAR Prediction Reporting Format, QPRF)

GLP compliance:

no

Probability of Rapid Biodegradation (BIOWIN v4.10):

Biowin1 (Linear Model): -0.3811

Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model):  0.0000

Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:

Biowin3 (Ultimate Survey Model):  0.8660 (recalcitrant)

Biowin4 (Primary Survey Model) :  1.9622 (months)

MITI Biodegradation Probability:

Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model): -1.7050

Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model):  0.0000

Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:

Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Model): -4.2242

Ready Biodegradability Prediction:  NO

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Conclusions:

Ready Biodegradability Prediction: NO

Executive summary:

Probability of Rapid Biodegradation (BIOWIN v4.10):

Biowin1 (Linear Model): -0.3811

Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model):  0.0000

Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:

Biowin3 (Ultimate Survey Model):  0.8660 (recalcitrant)

Biowin4 (Primary Survey Model) :  1.9622 (months)

MITI Biodegradation Probability:

Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model): -1.7050

Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model):  0.0000

Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:

Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Model): -4.2242

Ready Biodegradability Prediction:  NO

Description of key information

Key study: Experimental data. Test method OECD 301C. No data on GLP. The test item was determined to be not readily biodegradable.

Key study: Experimental data. Test method OECD 301D. No data on GLP. The test item was determined to be not readily biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Additional information

Key study: Experimental data:

The ready biodegradation test was performed according to OECD Guideline 301D. Activated sludge was exposed to 2 mg/L test item for 28 days under aerobic conditions and dark. The biodegradation of the test item after 28 days was of 5%. The test item was determined to be not readily biodegradable.

Key study: Experimental data:

The ready biodegradation test was performed by MITI according to OECD Guideline 301 C. Activated sludge (30 mg/L) was exposed for 4 weeks to 100 mg/L of test item. 0% of biodegradation was obtained by indirec analyisis of BOD, and 2% of biodegradation was obtained by direct HPLC analysis. The test item was determined to be not readily biodegradable under test conditions.

Supporting studies: Estimated data:

Estimated value for the main component of the substance:

Not readily biodegradable (EPI-Suite BIOWIN v4.10)