[1,1'-Biphenyl]-2-carbonitrile, 4'-(bromomethyl)-

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From 23 january 1996 to 24 January 1996

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline, GLP study but all acceptance criteria are not fulfilled.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1996

Report date:

1996

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

4'-(bromomethyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carbonitrile

EC Number:

601-327-7

Cas Number:

114772-54-2

Molecular formula:

C14H10BrN

IUPAC Name:

4'-(bromomethyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carbonitrile

Test material form:

solid: particulate/powder

Remarks:

migrated information: powder

Details on test material:

Code: SR 48941
Chemical name: 4-bromomethyl-biphenyl-2-carbonitrile
CAs : 114772-54-2
Batch: 5 ARS 009
Appearance: White to slightly beige powder
Characteristics:
Solubility: <0.01% in water
Stability: stable under normal handling conditions
Melting point: 122.4 °C
Partition coefficient (octanol/water): log P = about 4.37 (calculated)

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

Daphnia magna Straus 1820 (Cladocera crustacea)
Load: 2ml/daphnia, 5 daphnia/tube
Food: TetraMin + algeas
Light: natural light + artificial light with a photoperiod of 16h of light and 8h of dark.

Study design

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test conditions

Test temperature:

20 +/- 2°C

pH:

7.8 +/- 0.2

Dissolved oxygen:

From 6.7 to 7.1mg O2/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Theorical concentrations: 13-30-44-67-100 % of a solution at the solubility limit of the substance.

Details on test conditions:

TEST NUTRIENT MEDIUM
The medium is prepared from reagents of admitted analytical purity.
With deionized water with a conductivity not above 10 µS/cm.
- Calcium chloride dihydrated; CaCl2, 2H2O: 0.294 g
- Magnesium sulphate heptahydrated; MgSO4, 7 H2O: 123.25 mg
- Sodium hydrogenocarbonate anhydrous, NaHCO3: 64.75 mg
- Potassium chloride; KCl: 5.75 mg
- Deionized water; qsp 1000mL
The test medium has been prepared at:
- pH 7.8+/-0.2
- ratio Ca/Mg~=4
- ratio Na/K~=10
- total alcalinity 0.8 mmol/l

REFERENCE SUBSTANCE NUTRIENT MEDIUM
prepared as recommanded by AFNOR NF-T-90301
The medium is prepared from reagents of admitted analytical purity.
With deionized water with a conductivity not above 10 µS/cm.
- Sodium hydrogenocarbonate anhydrous, NaHCO3: 0.200 g
- Calcium chloride dihydrated; CaCl2, 2H2O: 0.297 g
- Potassium sulfate anhydrous, K2SO4: 0.026 g
- Magnesium sulphate heptahydrated; MgSO4, 7 H2O: 0.167 g
- Deionized water; qsp 1000mL
The test medium has been prepared at:
- pH 8+/-0.2
- total hardness 250+/-25 mg/l
- ratio Ca/Mg~=4

TEST SUBSTANCE PREPARATION
As the test substance has a low water solubility (<0.01%), an aqueous stock solution close to the solubility limit is prepared by stirring during 24 hours 15 mg of substance in 1 litre of test medium. After 24 hours stirring in the dark at 20°C, the stock solution is filtered at 0.22 microns to remove suspended particles.
This stock solution is then diluted in the test medium in order to obtain the suitable test concentrations.
pH of the filtered stock solution: 6.65.
In order to verify the exact exposure concentrations, the test substance is dosed at the beginning and at the end of the test in one tube of each tested concentration.


Test containers: single-use glass tubes sufficient for 10 ml.
Blank : 4 tubes containing 10 ml of test media each
Test: 4 tubes by tested concentration, containing the volume of the substance solution each or of the appropriate dilution required to obtain the desired concentration + test media to 10 ml.
Load: 2 ml of media for each daphnie, so 5 daphnies per tube.
Food: none
Temperature: 20 °C +/- 2 °C ina regulated room.
Aeration: none
Exposure duration: 48h in the dark
Observation 24 and 48h
Observed effect: immobilisation
Daphnies that are not able to swim in the 15 seconds following a slight agitation of the tube are considered to be immobile.

Total alcalinity: 0.8 mmol/l

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium dichromate

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: Cannot be determined

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: Cannot be determined

Details on results:

The precision of the analytical method does not allow to verify the real tested concentrations. The sensibility of the analytical method is about 0.05 - 0.1 mg/l.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

CE50-24h of potassium dichromate is 0.63 mg/l (calculated using PROBITS method) and thus is in the range recommanded by the C2. directive (0.54 - 0.72 mg/l). The test medium used is the "Test nutrient medium" discribed under section "Details on test conditions".
CE50-24h of potassium dichromate is 1.14 mg/l (calculated using PROBITS method) and thus is in the range recommanded by the standard AFNOR NF-T90 301 (0.9 - 1.5 mg/l). The test medium used is the "Reference substance nutrient medium" discribed under section "Details on test conditions".

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

no

Remarks:

3 out 4 criteria met. Due to insufficient sensitivity of the analytical method, the test concentrations can not be determined. Subsequently, the validity criterion advocating a loss percentage of less than 20% substance can not be verified.

Conclusions:

No toxicity towards Daphnia magna, in the test conditions. EC50-48h is not determinable. 40 % of inhibition for a test substance concentration close to the solubility limit.