Sodium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate

Endpoint summary

Additional information

The following chemical compounds should be consider in accordance with Annex XI as a group of substances:

-                    sodium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate; CAS # 140-90-9 ; EC# 213-180-2

-                    potassium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate; CAS # 140-89-6 ; EC# 235-857-2

-                    sodium O-isopropyl dithiocarbonate (Proxan sodium) ; CAS # 140-93-2 ; EC# 246-805-2

-                    potassium O-isopropyl dithiocarbonate; CAS # 140-92-1 ; EC# 205-441-4

-                    sodium O-isobutyl dithiocarbonate; CAS # 25306-75-6 ; EC# 205-443-5

-                    potassium O-isobutyl dithiocarbonate; CAS # 13001-46-2 ;

-                    EC# 205-449-3

-                    sodium O-isopentyl dithiocarbonate; CAS # 2540-36-5

-                    potassium O-isopenthyl dithiocarbonate; CAS # 928-70-1 ;

-                     EC# 205-440-9

The group of the compounds is called xanthates, derived from the xanthogen radical: C₂H₅OCSS- . They are products of a reaction between carbon disulfide, relevant alcohol and sodium or potassium hydroxide.

Each of the substance:

-                    contain common functional group – dithiocarbonate (-OCSS-),

-                    decomposes via physical and biological processes to common products: carbon disulfide, an alcohol and alkali hydroxide,

-                    is characterized by a constant pattern in the changing of the properties across the category.

Sodium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate (sodium ethyl xanthate) is consider as main substance of the xanthate group since it is produced/imported in EU in bigger quantity.

The second substance that should be taken in to account in the RAPORT is carbon disulfide (CAS number 75-15-0). The substance is one of the raw materials used in manufacture of xanthates, it is a decomposition product of each xanthate during storage and use and a metabolite from xanthate biotransformation in animals and humans. Carbon disulfide is a dangerous fire and explosion hazard, toxic by inhalation, danger of serious damage to health.

Name and other identification of the xanthate group substances

	Sodium ethyl xanthate	Potassium ethyl xanthate	Sodium isopropyl xanthate	Potassium isopropyl xanthate	Sodium isobutyl xanthate	Potassium isobutyl xanthate	Sodium isoamyl xanthate	Potassium isoamyl xanthate
2.1.1. Name in IUPAC nomenclature	Sodium O-ethyl carbonodithioate	Potassium O-ethyl carbonodithioate	Sodium O-isopropyl carbonodithioate	Potassium O-isopropyl carbonodithioate	Sodium O-isobutyl carbonodithioate	Potassium O-isobutyl carbonodithioate	Sodium O-isoamyl carbonodithioate	Potassium isoamyl carbonodithioate
2.1.2. Other names( usual name, trade name, abrevation)	Sodium ethyl xanthate, SEX, NaEX	Potassium ethyl xanthate, PEX, KEX	Sodium isopropyl xanthate, Proxan-sodium	Potassium isopropyl xanthate, Proxan-potassium	Sodiumisobutylxanthate	Potassium isobutyl xanthate	Sodium isoamyl xanthate	Potassium isoamyl xanthate
2.1.3. EINEC number   EC name	205-440-9	205-439-3	205-443-5	205-441-4	246-805-2	235-837-2		213-180-2
	Sodium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate	Potassium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate	Sodium O-isopropyl dithiocarbonate	Potassium O-isopropyl dithiocarbonate	Sodium O-isobutyl dithiocarbonate	Potassium O-isobutyl dithiocarbonate	Sodium O-isopentyl dithiocarbonate	Potassium O-isopentyl dithiocarbonate
2.1.4. CAS number and CAS name	140-90-9	140-89-6	140-93-2	140-92-1	25306-75-6	13001-46-2	2540-36-5	928-70-1
	Carbonodithioic acid, O-ethyl ester sodium salt	Carbonodithioic acid, O-ethyl ester potassium salt	Carbonodithioic acid, O-(1-methylethyl) ester sodium salt	Carbonodithioic acid, O-(1-methylethyl) ester potassium salt	Carbonodithioic acid, O-(2-methylpropyl) ester sodium salt	Carbonodithioic acid, O-(2-methylpropyl) ester potassium salt	Carbonodithioic acid, O-(3-methylbutyl) ester sodium salt	Carbonodithioic acid, O-(3-methylbutyl) ester potassium salt
2.2. Information related to molecular and structural formula of each substance
2.2.1. Molecular formula   Structural formula   SMILES	C2H5OS2Na	C2H5OS2K	C3H7OS2Na	C3H7OS2K	C5H9OS2Na	C5H9OS2K	C6H11OS2Na	C6H11OS2K
	CH3-CH2-O-C(=S)-S-Na	CH3-CH2-O-C(=S)-S-K	(CH3)2CH-O-C(=S)-S-Na	(CH3)2-CH-O-C(=S)-S-Na	CH3)2-CH-O-C(=S)-S-Na	CH3)2-CH-CH2-O-C(=S)-S-K	(CH3)2-CH-CH2-CH2-O-C(=S)-S Na	CH3)2-CH-CH2-CH2-O-C(=S)-S K
	CCOC(S=)[S-].[Na+]	CCOC(S=)[S-].[K+]	CC(C)OC(S=)[S-].[Na+]	CC(C)OC (S=)[S-].[K+]	CC(C)OCC(S=)[S-].[Na+]	[K+].CC(C)OCC (S=)[S-]	[K+].SC(=S)OCCC(C)C	SC(=S)OCCC (C)C.[Na+]
2.2.2 information on optical activity
2.2.3. Molecular weight	144.19	159.98	158.22	174.32	172.24	188.03	186.27	202.38

Property	Sodium ethyl xanthate	Potassium ethyl xanthate	Sodium isopropyl xanthate	Potassium isopropyl xanthate	Sodium isobutyl xanthate	Potassium isobutyl xanthate		Sodium isoamyl xanthate	Potassium isoamyl xanthate
CAS#	140-90-9	140-89-6	140-93-2	140-92-1	25306-75-6	13001-46-2		2540-36-5	928-70-1
EC number	205-440-9	205-439-3	205-443-5	205-441-4	246-805-2	235-837-2			235-837-2		213-180-2
Physical state at 20^0C and 101.3 kPa	Pale yellow, fine crystals	Pale yellow, fine crystals	Pale yellow, fine crystals	Pale yellow, fine crystals	Pale yellow, fine crystals	Pale yellow, fine crystals		Pale yellow, fine crystals	Pale yellow, fine crystals
Melting/freezing point	Solid product, decomposes at 145.6^0C;   37% water solution -6^0C	Solid product decomposes at 161,7^0C	Solid product  Decomposes at 119.6^0C	Solid product  decomposes	Solid product decomposes at 126.7^0C	Solid product decomposes		Solid product decomposes at 144.2^0C	Solid product about 270^0C, decomposition
Boiling point	Solid product, decomposes at 145.6^0C;   37% water solution 90.5^0C, under 101.3kPa	Not applicable. Solid product decomposes at 161.7^0C	Not applicable. Solid product decomposes at 119.6^0C	Not applicable. Solid product decomposes	Not applicable. Solid product decomposes at 126.7^0C   37.6% water solution of sodium isobutyl xanthate (CAS# 25306-75-6): Boiling point: 96.7+/-0.3^0C, Pressure: 1003 hPa, correction 0.2^0C to 1013 hPa		Not applicable. Solid product decomposes	Not applicable. Solid product decomposes at 144.2^0C	Not applicable. Solid product decomposes
Relative density	Solid product 1.263 g/cm^3;   Water solution: 1.18 g/cm^3  - 37% at 20^0C	Solid product: 1.56 g/cm^3 Water solutions: 1.046g/cm^3- 10% 1.120g/cm^3 - 25% 1.172g/cm^3 - 35% at 20^0C	Solid product: 1.69 g/cm^3 Water solutions: at 20^0C 1.040g/cm^3- 10% 1.101g/cm^3 - 25% at 20^0C		Solid product: 1.24 g/cm^3   water solution: 1.12 g/cm^3- 36% at 20^0C
Vapour pressure	Solid product: 5.95 x 10^-7Pa at 25^0C; estimated   37% water solution: 28 hPa at 20^0C, 39 hPa at 25^0C, 54 hPa at 30^0C.	Solid product: 3.47 × 10^-7Pa at 25^0C estimated	Solid product:  3.87 × 10^-7Pa  at 25^0C, estimated	Solid product:  6.0 × 10^-7Pa  at 25^0C, estimated	Solid product: 1.173 × 10^-7Pa  at 25^0C, estimated   36 wt.% water solution:  at 20^0C 28 hPa at 25^0C 39 hPa at 30^0C. 54 hPa	Solid product:  6.0 × 10^-7Pa  at 25^0C, estimated
Surface tension	37% water solution 45,2 mN/m at 20^0C	Not applicable.	Not applicable	Not applicable	36 wt.% water solution: 45,2 mN/m                 at 20^0C
Water solubility	40.8g/100g water at 0^0C   46.0g/100g water at 10^0C   52.0g/100g water at 20^0C	About 19.6 g/100g water at 25^0C	46g/100g water at 24^0C	16.6g/100g water at 0^0C   37.2g/100g water at 35^0C	44.0 g/100g water soln. at 0^0C  49.0 g/100g water soln. at 10^0C  51.0 g/100g water soln. at 20^0C  57.3 g/100g water soln. at 35^0C	10.7 g/100g water at 0^0C  48.0 g/100g water soln. at 35^0C		24.7 g/100g water soln. at 0^0C  43.5 g/100g water soln. at 35^0C	35 - 45.6 g/100g water at 20^0C
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water(log)	log Pow= 2.48 +/- 0.03 Test result: Methods: A.8, EC No.440/2008; OECD 107(Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Active Ingredients Sythesis and Technology Department, GLP Compliance No 8/2011/DPL)   log Kow = -2.24 estimated at 25^0C Method: KOWWIN program v 1.68	log Kow= -2.24 estimated at 25^0C Method: KOWWIN program v 1.68	log Kow= -1.82 estimated at 25^0C Method: KOWWIN program v 1.68	log KOW= -1.82 estimated at 25^0C Method: KOWWIN program v 1.68	log Kow= -1.33 estimated at 25^0C Method: KOWWIN program v 1.68	log Kow= -1.33 estimated at 25^0C Method: KOWWIN program v 1.68
Flash point	On contact with moisture solid xanthates release extremely flammable carbon disulfide. For carbon disulfide:   -30^0C (closed cub	On contact with moisture solid xanthates release extremely flammable carbon disulfide. For carbon disulfide:   -30^0C (closed cub	On contact with moisture solid xanthates release extremely flammable carbon disulfide. For carbon disulfide:   -30^0C (closed cub	On contact with moisture solid xanthates release extremely flammable carbon disulfide. For carbon disulfide:   -30^0C (closed cub	On contact with moisture solid xanthates release extremely flammable carbon disulfide. For carbon disulfide:   -30^0C (closed cub	On contact with moisture solid xanthates release extremely flammable carbon disulfide. For carbon disulfide:   -30^0C (closed cub		On contact with moisture solid xanthates release extremely flammable carbon disulfide. For carbon disulfide:   -30^0C (closed cub	On contact with moisture solid xanthates release extremely flammable carbon disulfide. For carbon disulfide:   -30^0C (closed cub
Flammability	According to Method A.10. the tested substance (sodium ethyl xanthate CAS# 140-90-9) is to be considered as highly flammable since the time of burning in one test was 41 seconds (less than 45 seconds).   Sodium ethyl xanthate (CAS# 140-90-9) can’t be considered as flammable in contact with water because: -     Spontaneous ignition does not take place in any step of the test procedures, Evolution of flammable gas is much lower than 1 dm^3/kg of the substance per hour	Xanthate solids are reactive flammable materials and xanthate dusts are combustible dusts. For carbon disulfide – highly flammable vapour.	Xanthate solids are reactive flammable materials and xanthate dusts are combustible dusts. For carbon disulfide – highly flammable vapour.	Xanthate solids are reactive flammable materials and xanthate dusts are combustible dusts. For carbon disulfide – highly flammable vapour.	Xanthate solids are reactive flammable materials and xanthate dusts are combustible dusts.   For carbon disulfide – highly flammable vapour.	Xanthate solids are reactive flammable materials and xanthate dusts are combustible dusts. For carbon disulfide – highly flammable vapour.		Xanthate solids are reactive flammable materials and xanthate dusts are combustible dusts. For carbon disulfide – highly flammable vapour.	Xanthate solids are reactive flammable materials and xanthate dusts are combustible dusts. For carbon disulfide – highly flammable vapour.
Explosive properties	The dry powder of xanthates can form explosive dust-air mixture For carbon disulfide: – lower explosive limit in air 1,3 vol.%,                upper explosive limit in air 50,0 vol.%.	The dry powder of xanthates can form explosive dust-air mixture For carbon disulfide: – lower explosive limit in air 1,3 vol.%,                upper explosive limit in air 50,0 vol.%.	The dry powder of xanthates can form explosive dust-air mixture For carbon disulfide: – lower explosive limit in air 1,3 vol.%,                upper explosive limit in air 50,0 vol.%.	The dry powder of xanthates can form explosive dust-air mixture For carbon disulfide: – lower explosive limit in air 1,3 vol.%,                upper explosive limit in air 50,0 vol.%.	The dry powder of xanthates can form explosive dust-air mixture For carbon disulfide: – lower explosive limit in air 1,3 vol.%,                upper explosive limit in air 50,0 vol.%.	The dry powder of xanthates can form explosive dust-air mixture For carbon disulfide: – lower explosive limit in air 1,3 vol.%,                upper explosive limit in air 50,0 vol.%.		The dry powder of xanthates can form explosive dust-air mixture For carbon disulfide: – lower explosive limit in air 1,3 vol.%,                upper explosive limit in air 50,0 vol.%.	The dry powder of xanthates can form explosive dust-air mixture For carbon disulfide: – lower explosive limit in air 1,3 vol.%,                upper explosive limit in air 50,0 vol.%.
Self-ignition temperature.	Approximately 250^0C, for dry solid xanthates For carbon disulfide: -100^0C	Approximately 250^0C, for dry solid xanthates For carbon disulfide: -100^0C	Approximately 250^0C, for dry solid xanthates For carbon disulfide: -100^0C	Approximately 250^0C, for dry solid xanthates For carbon disulfide: -100^0C	Approximately 250^0C, for dry solid xanthates For carbon disulfide: 100^0C	Approximately 250^0C, for dry solid xanthates For carbon disulfide: -100^0C		Approximately 250^0C, for dry solid xanthates For carbon disulfide: -100^0C	Approximately 250^0C, for dry solid xanthates For carbon disulfide: -100^0C
Oxidizing properties	Not relevant.	Not relevant.	Not relevant.	Not relevant.	Not relevant.	Not relevant.		Not relevant.	Not relevant.
Granulometry	Solid sodium ethyl xanthate:  fine crystals:  range:  Length: from 7.9 to 147.6 µm, mean: 41.9µm Diameter: from 11.8 to 171.3 µm ,  mean: 57.9 µm Microscopic analysis (Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis, Analytical Department, Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland GLP Compliance No 4/2010/DPL)	Solid xanthate – pelletized:  width: 5 to 6 mm length: 5 to 15 mm   powder:  range:  1 to 10 µm, mean: 5µm	Solid xanthate – pelletized:  width: 5 to 6 mm length: 5 to 15 mm    powder:  range:  1 to 10 µm, mean: 5µm	Solid xanthate – pelletized:  width: 5 to 6 mm length: 5 to 15 mm   powder:  range:  1 to 10 µm, mean: 5µm	Solid sodium isobutyl xanthate  Fine crystals:  range:  Length: from 7.9 to 147.6 µm, mean: 41.9µm Diameter: from 11.8 to 171.3 µm ,  mean: 57.9 µm Microscopic analysis (Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis, Analytical Department, Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland GLP Compliance No 4/2010/DPL)	Solid xanthate – pelletized:  width: 5 to 6 mm length: 5 to 15 mm   powder:  range:  1 to 10 µm, mean: 5µm		Solid xanthate – pelletized:  width: 5 to 6 mm length: 5 to 15 mm    powder:  range:  1 to 10 µm, mean: 5µm	Solid xanthate – pelletized:  width: 5 to 6 mm length: 5 to 15 mm   powder:  range:  1 to 10 µm, mean: 5µm
Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products	The alkali metal xanthates are soluble in alcohols, the lower ketones, pyridine and acetonitrile, they not particularly soluble in non polar solvent, eg. ether or ligroin.   Ethanol reacts with sodium ethyl xanthate reacts giving diethyl thioncarbonate and sodium hydrogen sulfide: C2H5OH  +  C2H5OC(S)SNa   =   (C2H5O)2S  +  HSNa	The alkali metal xanthates are soluble in alcohols, the lower ketones, pyridine and acetonitrile, they not particularly soluble in non polar solvent, eg. ether or ligroin.	The alkali metal xanthates are soluble in alcohols, the lower ketones, pyridine and acetonitrile, they not particularly soluble in non polar solvent, eg. ether or ligroin.	The alkali metal xanthates are soluble in alcohols, the lower ketones, pyridine and acetonitrile, they not particularly soluble in non polar solvent, eg. ether or ligroin.	The alkali metal xanthates are soluble in alcohols, the lower ketones, pyridine and acetonitrile, they not particularly soluble in non polar solvent, eg. ether or ligroin.	The alkali metal xanthates are soluble in alcohols, the lower ketones, pyridine and acetonitrile, they not particularly soluble in non polar solvent, eg. ether or ligroin.		The alkali metal xanthates are soluble in alcohols, the lower ketones, pyridine and acetonitrile, they not particularly soluble in non polar solvent, eg. ether or ligroin.	The alkali metal xanthates are soluble in alcohols, the lower ketones, pyridine and acetonitrile, they not particularly soluble in non polar solvent, eg. ether or ligroin.
Dissociation constants	pKa= 12,4 Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Vol. 25. 4th ed	pKa= 8.66 http://apps. Ideaconsult.net: 8080/ToxPredict	pKa= 11.27 http://apps. Ideaconsult.net: 8080/ToxPredict	pKa= 4.18 http://apps. Ideaconsult.net: 8080/ToxPredict	pKa= 4.18 http://apps. Ideaconsult.net: 8080/ToxPredict	pKa= 11.27 http://apps. Ideaconsult.net: 8080/ToxPredict
Viscosity	37% water solution Absolute viscosity: 2.58 cP at 20^0C Kinematic viscosity:  2.21 cST at 20^0C				36 wt.% water solution: - absolute viscosity:  2,58 cP    at 20^0C  kinematic viscosity: 2,21 cST at 20^0C
Auto flammability	Approximately 250^0C	Approximately 250^0C	Approximately 250^0C	Approximately 250^0C	Approximately 250^0C	Approximately 250^0C		Approximately 250^0C	Approximately 250^0C
Reactivity towards container material	Xanthate water solutions corrode containers of aluminium or aluminium alloys and also copper and copper alloys. (2011,CCOHS, CHEMINFO, sodium ethyl xantate)	Xanthate water solutions corrode containers of aluminium or aluminium alloys and also copper and copper alloys. (2011,CCOHS, CHEMINFO, sodium ethyl xanthate)	Xanthate water solutions corrode containers of aluminium or aluminium alloys and also copper and copper alloys. (2011,CCOHS, CHEMINFO, sodium ethyl xanthate)	Xanthate water solutions corrode containers of aluminium or aluminium alloys and also copper and copper alloys. (2011,CCOHS, CHEMINFO, sodium ethyl xanthate)	Xanthate water solutions corrode containers of aluminium or aluminium alloys and also copper and copper alloys. (2011,CCOHS, CHEMINFO, sodium ethyl xanthate)	Xanthate water solutions corrode containers of aluminium or aluminium alloys and also copper and copper alloys. (2011,CCOHS, CHEMINFO, sodium ethyl xanthate)		Xanthate water solutions corrode containers of aluminium or aluminium alloys and also copper and copper alloys. (2011,CCOHS, CHEMINFO, sodium ethyl xanthate)	Xanthate water solutions corrode containers of aluminium or aluminium alloys and also copper and copper alloys. (2011,CCOHS, CHEMINFO, sodium ethyl xanthate)
Thermal stability: decomposition of dry solid xanthate begins at: (Polymers Institute , Technical University of Szczecin, 2001, Poland)	145.6^0C	161.7^0C	119.6^0C		126,7^0C			144,2^0C