Benzoyl chloride

Short-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study without detailed documentation

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Acute toxicity of 12 industrial chemicals to freshwater and saltwater organisms

Author:

Curtis M.W., Copeland T.L. and Ward C.H.

Year:

1979

Bibliographic source:

Water research, 13: 137-141

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OPPTS 850.1075 (Freshwater and Saltwater Fish Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

pH not measured every 24h, no measurement of test substance concentration at 48h, acclimation of 4 days, only cold freshwater species was investigated

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Benzoyl chloride

EC Number:

202-710-8

EC Name:

Benzoyl chloride

Cas Number:

98-88-4

Molecular formula:

C7H5ClO

IUPAC Name:

benzoyl chloride

Test material form:

liquid

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test solutions

Vehicle:

yes

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Pimephales promelas

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: fathead minnow
- Source: EPA Newtown Fish Toxicology Station, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 3.2 to 4.2 cm standard length
- Feeding during test
- Food type:
- Amount:
- Frequency:
- Other:
- Fish were held in circular fiberglass tanks with a 6 vol day-1 flow through of carbon filtered tap water
- Feeding: a twice daily ration of Tetra SM (Tetra-Werke, W. Germany)
- 16h light-8h dark diurnal cycle
- Initial prophylactic treatment for external parasites consisting of 5 mg/L potassium permanganate administered on three consecutive days. Then hygienic conditions were maintained by sterilizing all fish care equipment with a 200 mg/L calcium hypochlorite solution
- Fish were observed for a minimum of 14 days (at least 10 days after any disease treatment) before being acclimated for testing

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 4 days
first two days: acclimation to the test dilution water quality and temperature (i.e. solution withdrawal and renewal twice daily accomplished water quality transition and temperature was reduced from 25 to 22°C with the aid of a temperature bath-circulator)
last two days: fish held at 22°C in 100% dilution water
- Type and amount of food: no food was given during acclimation

No more data

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

34.7 mg/L

95% CI:

28.5 - 45.3

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

34.7 mg/L

95% CI:

> 28.5 - < 45.3

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

42.6 mg/L

95% CI:

> 35.4 - < 57.4

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

no

Conclusions:

The authors tested the toxicity of benzoyl chloride to the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) according to the EPA 660/3-75-009 guideline. Under these test conditions the LC50(96h) for the fathead minnow exposed to benzoyl chloride was 34.7 mg/L (95% CI: 28.5-45.3 mg/L). Thus, based on the classification categories given in the CLP regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 the test substance cannot be classified as hazardous to the fathead minnow as its LC50 at 96h is above 1 mg/L (based on nominal concentration).

Executive summary:

The authors tested the toxicity of benzoyl chloride (CAS n° 98 -88 -4) to the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) according to the EPA 660/3-75-009 (Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates and Amphibians) guideline which is similar to the EPA OPPTS 850.1075 (Freshwater and Saltwater Fish Acute Toxicity Test) guideline.

Two replicates of five fish were exposed to a dilution serie of benzoyl chloride during 96h and deaths were recorded. Further analytical measurements were performed (i.e. measured test substance concentrations, pH, dissolved oxygen and temperature) but not all results were reported for these measurements.

Under these test conditions the LC50(96h) for the fathead minnow exposed to benzoyl chloride was 34.7 mg/L (95% CI: 28.5-45.3 mg/L). Thus, based on the classification categories given in the CLP regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 the test substance cannot be classified as hazardous to the fathead minnow as its LC50 at 96h is above 1 mg/L (based on nominal concentration).

 

No data on the GLP procedure was reported and validity criteria were partially fulfilled. The validity criteria concerning mortality in the controls, which should not exceed 10% during the 96h testing period, was fulfilled. The other criteria could only be considered partially fulfilled since all results on measurements needed to evaluate the validity criteria were not reported. Considering the overall quality of the study and the level of details, thus this study should be considered as reliable with restrictions, a Klimisch 2.e study.