2-chlorobenzonitrile

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

1990

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with national standard methods

Remarks:

Meets national standard method (DIN 38 412 LEV15), minor deviations ("Korpulenzfaktor", solvent concentrations, highest tested concentration) due not impair the overall conclusion from the data; Effects of 2-chlorobenzonitrile on fish were recorded at the two highest concentrations tested (56 mg/L and 100 mg/L). At these concentrations undissolved test material could be found on the surface of the tests solutions. Therefore, mortality could also have been induced by physical effects.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: DIN 38 412, DEV L15 (ref. 1)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

see 'rationale for reliability'

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Version / remarks:

1984

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

At t = 0 and t = 48 h: pH and oxygen
When mortality was observed: pH and oxygen in 56 and 100 mg/mL

Vehicle:

yes

Remarks:

tert.-Butanol

Details on test solutions:

Concentrated solutions:
1) CaCl2 * 2 H2O 073.54 g/L
2) MgSO4 * 7 H2O 123.25 g/L
3) NaHCO3 008.40 g/L

Synthetic dilution water: 44 mL 1), 10 mL 2) and 64 mL of 3 are diluted with distilled water to 10 l.
This solution is Aerated until a constant pH is reached.

Test organisms (species):

Leuciscus idus

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test temperature:

20.3 °C - 20.8 °C

pH:

7.2 - 7.9

Dissolved oxygen:

> 5.8 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nomional concentrations of test iteme: 10, 18, 32, 56, 100 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

56 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

55 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC100

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

32 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

10 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: condition

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

LC50 (24h, based on mortality) = 56 mg/L (nominal concentration)
LC50 (48h, based on mortality) = 55 mg/L (nominal concentration)
LC100 (48h, based on mortality) = 100 mg/L (nominal concentration)
NOEC (48h, based on mortality) = 32 mg/L (nominal concentration)
NOEC (48h, based on condition) = 10 mg/L (nominal concentration)

Executive summary:

The acute toxicity of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile to the fresh-water fish species Leuciscus idus (Goldorfe) was determined. The test was carried out in conformity with DIN 38 412 DEV L15 (ref. 1) and the OECD principles of Good Laboratory Practice. The duration of the test was 48h. The objectives of the study were:

-   to determine the 48h LC₅₀of the test substance, i.e. the concentration which kills 50% of the exposed fishes in 48h under the experimental conditions defined below

-  to determine the minimum concentration tested producing total mortality and the maximum concentration tested producing no mortality and preferably also the maximum concentration tested producing no visible abnormalities.

 

Results:

-         LC₅₀(24h, based on mortality) = 56 mg/L (nominal concentration)

-         LC₅₀(48h, based on mortality) = 55 mg/L (nominal concentration)

-         LC₁₀₀(48h, based on mortality) = 100 mg/L (nominal concentration)

-         NOEC (48h, based on mortality) = 32 mg/L (nominal concentration)

-         NOEC (48h, based on condition) = 10 mg/L (nominal concentration)

Effects of 2-chlorobenzonitrile on fish were recorded at the two highest concentrations tested (56 mg/L and 100 mg/L). At these concentrations undissolved test material could be found on the surface of the tests solutions. Therefore, mortality could also have been induced by physical effects and results should not be used for classification and labelling.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

2004

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a (Q)SAR model, with limited documentation / justification, but validity of model and reliability of prediction considered adequate based on a generally acknowledged source

Qualifier:

no guideline required

Principles of method if other than guideline:

QSAR; calculation on basis of log Kow (2.2) using EPISUITE 3.12 (US-EPA 2004).

GLP compliance:

no

Test organisms (species):

other: fish

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

66 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Conclusions:

The calculated 96-h EC50 of 2-chlorobenzonitrile for fish using EPISUITE 3.12 (US-EPA 2004) is estimated to be 66 mg/L.

Executive summary:

In additon to available experimental data the 96-h LC50 of 2-chlorobenzonitrile for fish was calculated using EPISUITE 3.12 (US-EPA 2004). The calculated 96-h LC50 is 66 mg/L.

Description of key information

As in the experimantal study the mortality might have occured by undesolved

test substance the calculated value (66mg/l) was used instead of theh value of experimental study.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

66 mg/L

Additional information

The acute toxicity of 2-chlorobenzonitrile to the fresh-water fish species Leuciscus idus (Goldorfe) was determined. The test was carried out in conformity with DIN 38 412 DEV L15 (ref. 1) and the OECD principles of Good Laboratory Practice. The duration of the test was 48h. The objectives of the study were:

-   to determine the 48h LC₅₀of the test substance, i.e. the concentration which kills 50% of the exposed fishes in 48h under the experimental conditions defined below

-  to determine the minimum concentration tested producing total mortality and the maximum concentration tested producing no mortality and preferably also the maximum concentration tested producing no visible abnormalities.

 

Results:

-         LC50 (24h, based on mortality) = 56 mg/L (nominal concentration)

-         LC50 (48h, based on mortality) = 55 mg/L (nominal concentration)

-         LC100 (48h, based on mortality) = 100 mg/L (nominal concentration)

-         NOEC (48h, based on mortality) = 32 mg/L (nominal concentration)

-         NOEC (48h, based on condition) = 10 mg/L (nominal concentration)

Effects of 2-chlorobenzonitrile on fish were recorded at the two highest concentrations tested (56 mg/L and 100 mg/L). At these concentrations undissolved test material could be found on the surface of the tests solutions. Therefore, mortality could also have been induced by physical effects.

Therefore, the 96-h LC50 for fish of 66 mg/L calculated using EPISUITE 3.12 (US-EPA 2004) is used as key value.