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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

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Ecotoxicological information

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Acute aquatic toxicity studies are available for three trophic levels.


The LC50/EC50 values detected for fish (Oryzias latipes), Daphnia (D. magna) and algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus) were all > 100 mg/l. Therefore acute toxic effects of the substance to aquatic organisms are not expected.


In a respiration inhibition test with activated sludge a NOEC >= 1000 mg/l was determined.


All tests were run with concentrations above the water solubility of the substance. Thus no effects in the range of the water solubility of the substance were determined.


Chronic aquatic toxicity studies are not available.


According to Regulation No 1907/2006 read‐across between substances can be performed if the physicochemical, ecotoxicological and toxicological properties are likely to be similar or follow a regular pattern as a result of structural similarity. The analogue hypothesis of the nano- and bulkform based on the assumption, that the pigments are considered to be essentially not bioavailable, due to the large molecular size together with the negligible low solubility. The OECD 318 with the nanoform confirms, that after 24 hours the stability in 0 mM Ca remained high whereas for samples in 1 and 10 mM Ca the stability was very low. Consequently, under environmental relevant conditions (in soft and hard water, in contrast of very soft water) the exposure of the nanoform to aquatic organisms is considered as negligible. The available ecotoxicological and toxicological information confirm this hypothesis since no hazard was identified.


Therefore, this analogue approach is in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, Annex XI, 1.5. Grouping of substance and read across approach.