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EC number: 214-254-7 | CAS number: 1117-86-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics
- Type of information:
- other: expert statement
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Well documented expert statement. This expert statement has been based on a series of physicochemical, environmental and toxicology studies with octane-1,2-diol performed according to technical guidelines and in compliance with GLP in internationally recognized contract research organizations. In addition, this expert statement has been based on read-across from studies with structurally similar substance analogues and published literature.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 012
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- absorption
- bioaccessibility (or bioavailability)
- excretion
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline required
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Expert statement based on a series of physicochemical, environmental and toxicology studies with the target chemical, octane-1,2-diol, and on read-across from a number of subacute repeated dose oral and reproduction/developmental toxicity studies with the substance analogue source chemicals, butane-1,2-diol (EC 209-527-2), hexane-1,2-diol (EC 230-029-6) or decane-1,2-diol (EC 214-288-2). Technical guidelines followed in these experimental studies are cited in the respective endpoint study records.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- Considered unnecessary for expert statement
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Octane-1,2-diol
- EC Number:
- 214-254-7
- EC Name:
- Octane-1,2-diol
- Cas Number:
- 1117-86-8
- Molecular formula:
- C8H18O2
- IUPAC Name:
- octane-1,2-diol
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- no
Test animals
- Species:
- other: Detailed in endpoint study records of in-vivo studies referred to in the present expert statement
- Strain:
- other: Detailed in endpoint study records of in-vivo studies referred to in the present expert statement
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Detailed in the endpoint study records of in-vivo studies referred to in the present expert statement.
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- other: Detailed in endpoint study records of in-vivo studies referred to in the present expert statement
- Vehicle:
- other: Detailed in endpoint study records of in-vivo studies referred to in the present expert statement, if appropriate
- Details on exposure:
- Detailed in endpoint study records of in-vivo studies referred to in the present expert statement.
- Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- Detailed in endpoint study records referred to in the present expert statement.
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
Detailed (as appropriate) in endpoint study records referred to in the present expert statement.
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- Detailed in endpoint study records of in-vivo studies referred to in the present expert statement.
- Control animals:
- other: Detailed in endpoint study records referred to in the present expert statement, if applicable
- Positive control reference chemical:
- Detailed in endpoint study records referred to in the present expert statement, if applicable
- Details on study design:
- Detailed in endpoint study records referred to in the present expert statement, if applicable
- Details on dosing and sampling:
- Detailed in endpoint study records referred to in the present expert statement, if applicable
- Statistics:
- Detailed in endpoint study records referred to in the present expert statement, if applicable. Not applicable for the present expert statement.
Results and discussion
- Preliminary studies:
- Not applicable
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on absorption:
- Based on the physical-chemical properties of octane-1,2-diol [moderately high water solubility of 7.5 g/L (at 20°C), a partition coefficient value Log10Pow of 2.1 and a relatively low molecular weight of 146] it is expected that after oral dosing the substance is well absorbed by passive diffusion in the gastro-intestinal tract and becomes systemically available [1].
Likewise, water solubility (ca. 230 g/L to 0.40 g/L) [2], partition coefficient values (Log10Pow of ca. –0.8 to +2.4) [2] and relatively low molecular weights (90 to 174) [2] changing with increasing carbon chain length for the structurally similar substance analogues used for read-across [butane-1,2-diol (EC 209-527-2), pentane-1,2-diol (EC 226-285-3), hexane-1,2-diol (EC 230-029-6) or decane-1,2-diol (EC 214-288-2)] favour systemic absorption after oral gavage administration [1]. This is consistent with the finding of slightly reduced locomotor activity in the two 28-day oral toxicity studies with octane-1,2-diol and decane-1,2-diol and in the reproduction and developmental toxicity screening study (combined with some repeat dose toxicology endpoints) with butane-1,2-diol, being an indication of systemic exposure.
The above physical-chemical properties of octane-1,2-diol also favour dermal uptake [1]. However, systemic availability after dermal uptake is considered to be lower than after gastro-intestinal absorption. In an in-vitro trial in which octane-1,2-diol was incubated for 24 h with and without cut up pig skin, 50% of the octane-1,2-diol was lost in the presence of skin when compared with two samples without pig skin [2]. It was concluded that chemical or metabolic degradation took place in the presence of the skin.
The partition coefficient Log10Pow of 2.1 of octane-1,2-diol and its moderately high water solubility of 7.5 g/L (at 20°C) are favourable for absorption directly across the respiratory tract epithelium by passive diffusion [1]. However, in view of the rather low volatility of octane-1,2-diol (vapour pressure of 0.28 Pa at 25°C, 0.15 Pa at 20°C) and being described as a viscous liquid with a melting point of 28-31°C the likeliness of exposure to its vapour or to inhalable particles is rather low.
References:
[1]: ECHA 2008, Guidance on Information Requirements and Chemical Safety Assessment Chapter R.7c: Endpoint specific guidance.
[2]: On the Safety Assessment of 1,2-Glycols as Used in Cosmetics. Final Report Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel, June 28, 2011 - Details on distribution in tissues:
- There are no data on the distribution of octane-1,2-diol in tissues. In view of the findings of reduced locomotor activity in rats treated by oral gavage for 28 days at 1000 mg/kg bw/day effects on the central nervous system and therefore, passage of the blood/brain barrier by octane-1,2-diol or possible metabolites cannot be ruled out.
- Details on excretion:
- There are no data on the excretion of octane-1,2-diol. After i.v. infusion of the structural substance analogue, butane-1,2-diol (EC 209-527-2), at 1000 mg/kg bw into rabbits, its metabolism was described as slow and 1,2-butanediol was excreted in the urine either as the glucuronide or unchanged [1].
Reference:
[1]: On the Safety Assessment of 1,2-Glycols as Used in Cosmetics. Final Report Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel, June 28, 2011
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- not measured
- Details on metabolites:
- Experimental data on the metabolism of octane-1,2-diol or any of its structurally similar substance analogues are not available. From metabolism modelling on hexane-1,2-diol (EC 230-029-6), octane-1,2-diol, decane-1,2-diol (EC 214-288-2) and dodecane-1,2-diol (EC 214-289-8) it was concluded that С-oxidation, C-hydroxylation, glucuronidation and beta-oxidation may take place to form corresponding metabolites, whereby C-hydroxylation and beta-oxidation are more likely to be favoured metabolic pathways for the longer alkyl chain length compounds, 1,2-decanediol and 1,2-dodecanediol, than for 1,2-hexanediol and 1,2-octanediol [1].
Reference:
[1]: On the Safety Assessment of 1,2-Glycols as Used in Cosmetics. Final Report Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel, June 28, 2011
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): other: No bioaccumulation potential. Conclusion of submitter from the present expert statement.
No specific study was performed on the absorption, distribution, metabolism and/or excretion (ADME) of octane-1,2-diol.
Absorption and systemic availability of octane-1,2-diol or metabolites after oral administration has been concluded from its moderately high water solubility of 7.5 g/L (at 20°C), a partition coefficient value Log10Pow of 2.1, a relatively low molecular weight of 146 and the finding of slightly reduced locomotor activity in rats treated in a 28-day oral (gavage) toxicity study at 1000 mg/kg bw/day. The three physicochemical properties also favour dermal uptake, although the systemic availability of octane-1,2-diol after dermal uptake is considered to be lower than after gastro-intestinal absorption.
The attained partition coefficient and moderately high water solubility of octane-1,2-diol favour absorption directly across the respiratory tract epithelium by passive diffusion. However, the risk of exposure by the inhalation route is considered to be low, because of its relatively low vapour pressure (0.28 Pa at 25°C, 0.15 Pa at 20°C).
All available experimental study results gave no indication regarding the metabolic pathway, distribution or excretion of octane-1,2-diol itself, but for the structural substance analogue, butane-1,2-diol (EC 209-527-2), excretion in the urine as its glucuronide or unchanged was demonstrated after i.v. infusion to the rabbit. Based on metabolism modelling on C6-, C8-, C10- and C12-alkane-1,2-diols С-oxidation, C-hydroxylation, glucuronidation and beta-oxidation were identified as possible pathways for forming corresponding metabolites, whereby hydroxylation and beta-oxidation are more likely to be favoured for the metabolic pathways of the latter two substance analogues.
Bioaccumulation was not investigated, but in view of its Log10Pow of 2.1, octane-1,2-diol is not considered to be bioaccumulative.
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