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Environmental fate & pathways

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Substances of the Persulfate Category are inorganic salts sharing the persulfate anion moiety. According to Column 2 of REACH Annex VII, testing of ready biodegradability can be waived if the substance is inorganic. Nevertheless, a read across approach was applied with diammonium persulfate. The category member was tested in a study according to EU guideline C.6. The chemical oxygen demand determined to be negligible (26E-03 g COD/g test substance). Upon contact with water or water vapour substances of the Persulfate Category hydrolyse into cation and persulfate anion. Hydrolysis is temperature and pH dependent and decomposition rates increase with decreasing pH value and increasing temperature. The persulfate anion, independent of the cation, undergoes further decomposition in normal water or acid conditions, readily oxidizing water to oxygen, producing sulphate and hydrogen ions. All persulfate decomposition products are ubiquitous to the environment. Hydrolysis is metal catalyzed, and rapid reaction with organic matter also is possible.