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Diss Factsheets

Ecotoxicological information

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial plants, other
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
June - September 2010
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: in accordance with guidelines

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2010
Report date:
2010

Materials and methods

Test guidelineopen allclose all
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: EPPO Guideline PP1/135(2)
Deviations:
no
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Study conducted in accordance with the Laboratory Internal Method BT189.
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Remarks:
Italian Ministero della Salute

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Ascophyllum nodosum, ext.
EC Number:
283-907-6
EC Name:
Ascophyllum nodosum, ext.
Cas Number:
84775-78-0
Molecular formula:
Not applicable; a generic molecular formula cannot be provided for this UVCB substance.
IUPAC Name:
Ascophillum nodosum, extract
Details on test material:
- Name of test material : ALGEAFERT SOLID K+
- Substance type: algal extract
- Physical state: solid, black micro-flakes
- pH water solution 1% : 9.2
- Water solubility 500 g/l at 25°C
- Lot/batch No.: 00680
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: March 09, 2012
- Storage condition of test material: in well ventilated areas, with containing device

Test substrate

Vehicle:
no

Test organisms

open allclose all
Species:
Brassica napus
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Species:
Sinapis alba
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Species:
Helianthus annuus
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Species:
Cucumis sativus
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Species:
Avena sativa
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Species:
Zea mays
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)

Study design

Test type:
seedling emergence toxicity test
Study type:
laboratory study
Substrate type:
artificial soil
Limit test:
yes
Total exposure duration:
29 d
Remarks:
in greenhouse
Post exposure observation period:
Effects evaluated at 7, 14 and 21 days after application

Test conditions

Test temperature:
range: 13.75-32.5 °C
pH:
pH value (0.01 M Ca Cl2) : 6.6 ± 0.5
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: Biotecnologie BT
- Test container (type, material, size): pots
- Method of seeding: manual
- No. of seeds per container: 5, 3 or 2, depending upon the species.
- No. of plants: at least 20 for each concentration
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 4 (Avena sativa), 10 (Zea Mays), 7 for the other species.
- No. of replicates per control: 4 (Avena sativa), 10 (Zea Mays), 7 for the other species.

SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Geographic location: mid- Italy
- Pesticide use history at the collection site: none
- Soil texture: sandy loam
- Organic carbon (%): 0.97 ± 0.07
- Maximum water holding capacity (in % dry weigth): 35.1
- CEC: 9.0 ± 3.0
- Pretreatment of soil: none


GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light and 8 h darkness
- Light source: artificial
- Light intensity and quality: 17800-20000 lux
- Relative humidity (%): 51.5 ± 86%
- Method of application: spraying with spray equipment with 2 nozzles at a spray pressure of 1.0 bar.



EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- visual assessment of seedling emergence and detrimental effects (chlorosis, necrosis, wilting leaf, stem deformations and mortality) at 7, 14 and 21 days after application
- measured endpoints: mortality (%) and final biomass (fresh shoot weight and shoot height).

VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no

Nominal and measured concentrations:
15 kg product /ha ( the test item dose rate being sprayed at 400 L water /ha on the selected species).
Reference substance (positive control):
yes
Remarks:
boric acid, tested on Cucumis sativus, parameter used 7-day EC50 for seedling shoot lenght

Results and discussion

Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
Species:
Brassica napus
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
other: % inhibition
Effect conc.:
ca. 15 kg/ha
Nominal / measured:
estimated
Conc. based on:
other: lenght (cm)
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks on result:
other: RESULT: -13.05 (v/s untreated)
Species:
Brassica napus
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
other: % inhibition
Effect conc.:
ca. 15 kg/ha
Nominal / measured:
estimated
Conc. based on:
other: weight (g)
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks on result:
other: RESULT: -18.63 (v/s untreated)
Species:
Sinapis alba
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
other: % inhibition
Effect conc.:
ca. 15 kg/ha
Nominal / measured:
estimated
Conc. based on:
other: lenght (cm)
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks on result:
other: RESULT: 1.29 (v/s untreated)
Species:
Sinapis alba
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
other: % inhibition
Effect conc.:
ca. 15 kg/ha
Nominal / measured:
estimated
Conc. based on:
other: weight (g)
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks on result:
other: RESULT: - 10.26 (v/s untreated)
Species:
Helianthus annuus
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
other: % inhibition
Effect conc.:
ca. 15 kg/ha
Nominal / measured:
estimated
Conc. based on:
other: lenght (cm)
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks on result:
other: RESULT: -1.84 (v/s untreated)
Species:
Helianthus annuus
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
other: % inhibition
Effect conc.:
ca. 15 kg/ha
Nominal / measured:
estimated
Conc. based on:
other: weight (g)
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks on result:
other: RESULT: 10.33 (v/s untreated)
Species:
Cucumis sativus
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
other: % inhibition
Effect conc.:
ca. 15 kg/ha
Nominal / measured:
estimated
Conc. based on:
other: lenght (cm)
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks on result:
other: RESULT: 11.45 (v/s untreated)
Species:
Cucumis sativus
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
other: % inhibition
Effect conc.:
ca. 15 kg/ha
Nominal / measured:
estimated
Conc. based on:
other: weight (g)
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks on result:
other: RESULT: 7.92 (v/s untreated)
Species:
Avena sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
other: % inhibition
Effect conc.:
ca. 15 kg/ha
Nominal / measured:
estimated
Conc. based on:
other: lenght (cm)
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks on result:
other: RESULT: 2.89 (v/s untreated)
Species:
Avena sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
other: % inhibition
Effect conc.:
ca. 15 kg/ha
Nominal / measured:
estimated
Conc. based on:
other: weight (g)
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks on result:
other: RESULT: 13.98 (v/s untreated)
Species:
Zea mays
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
other: % inhibition
Effect conc.:
ca. 15 kg/ha
Nominal / measured:
estimated
Conc. based on:
other: lenght (cm)
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks on result:
other: RESULT: -5.94 (v/s untreated)
Species:
Zea mays
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
other: % inhibition
Effect conc.:
ca. 15 kg/ha
Nominal / measured:
estimated
Conc. based on:
other: weight (g)
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks on result:
other: RESULT: -12.06 (v/s untreated)
Details on results:
The t-student was used for statistical effect between concentrations and untreated.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Remarks:
MORTALITY: EC50 value higher than 15 kg/ha. LENGHT: EC50 value higher than 15 kg/ha. WEIGHT: EC50 value higher than 15 kg/ha.
Conclusions:
The validity criteria of the test were satisfied. As for mortality, for all species the EC50 value resulted higher than 15 kg/ha. As for lenght, for all species the EC50 value resulted higher than 15 kg/ha. Brassica napus, Helianthus annuus and Zea mays increased lenght at the concentration tested compared with untreated. As for weight, for all species the EC50 value resulted higher than 15 kg/ha. Brassica napus, Sinapis alba and Zea mays increased weight at the concentration tested compared with untreated. Chlorosis, necrosis and other visual effects were not observed for any of the species.
Executive summary:

The purpose of this study was to determine a possibleeffect ofAlgeafert Solid K+on seedling emergence and early growth of 6 non-target plants following exposure to the test substance applied to the soil.

Seeds were placed in contact with soil treated with the test substance and evaluated for effects after usually 7,14 and 21 days from the emergence of 50% of the seedlings in the control group. The substance was sprayed on the soil surface after the seeds had been planted. The measured endpoints are visual assessment of seedling emergence, fresh shoot weight and shoot height at 21 days after treatment and visual detrimental effects (chlorosis, mortality).

Treatment groups and one control group for four dicotyledonous species(Brassica napus, Sinapis alba,Helianthus annuus and Cucumis sativus) and two monocotyledonous species (Avena sativa and Zea mays) were set up in the test. Each group comprised at least twenty plants (monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous) for each concentration; the number of seeds planted (two, three or five) per pot depends upon the species.The control group was treated with deionised water. The following application rate was used in the limit test: 15 kg /ha