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EC number: 209-544-5 | CAS number: 584-84-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 1977-06-16 to 1977-07-30
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Meets generally accepted scientific standards, well documented and acceptable for assessment; Restrictions: The humidity was low (4%) instead of 30-70% but this is acceptable and necessary due to the physico-chemical properties of TDI.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 980
- Report date:
- 1980
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The duration of exposure was 1h instead of at least 4h. 4 animals per sex instead of 5.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- m-tolylidene diisocyanate
- EC Number:
- 247-722-4
- EC Name:
- m-tolylidene diisocyanate
- Cas Number:
- 26471-62-5
- Molecular formula:
- C9 H6 N2 O2
- IUPAC Name:
- m-tolylidene diisocyanate
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Toluene diisocyanate (80:20 mixture of the 2,4- and 2,6- isomers)
- Isomers composition: 79.6 % (2,4 isomer)
- Lot/batch No.: ABH2146
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: Alderly Park
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: data not available
- Age at study initiation: 6-10 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 150-300 g
- Fasting period before study: none
- Housing: 4 rats/cage
- Diet : Oakes Powder 'O' diet, ad libitum except during the exposure
- Water : ad libitum except during the exposure
- Acclimation period: data not available
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): data not available
- Humidity (%): data not available
- Air changes (per hr): data not available
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): data not available
IN-LIFE DATES: data not available
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: vapour
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- other: unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: heated tube
- Exposure chamber volume: a 17 litre glass dessicator was used as an exposure chamber (there were no divisions in order to minimise deposition).
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: no data
- Source and rate of air: no data
- Method of conditioning air: The TDI was dispended into a syringe atomizer by a palmer slow injection apparatus (CF palmer limited). The entrained vapour passed through a heated glass tube (about 120 °C), mixed with diluting air and led into the animal exposure chamber. All air was dried to less than 4 % relative humidity.
- Treatment of exhaust air: no data
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: no data, 4 %, no data
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: The test atmosphere is drawn throught a glass sintered bubbler containing absolute alcohol. The Isocyanate (Urethane derivative) is subsequently analysed by Liquid Chromatography.
- Samples taken from breathing zone: yes
- Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- A sample of air from the breathing zone of the rats was drawn through two sintered glass absorbers containing 10 mls of absolute alcohol at a rate of 1.25l/min for 5 minutes mid-way through each exposure. The trapped isocyanates were then analysed HPLC.
- Duration of exposure:
- 1 h
- Concentrations:
- 0, 17.4, 25.16, 43.2, 83.9, 267.1 ppm
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 4
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: at least 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: The behaviour of the animals was recorded throughout the exposure. Then, examination and weighing during the following fourteen days were preformed at approximately 2 days intervals.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight, lung weight - Statistics:
- no statitics were performed.
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 66 ppm
- 95% CL:
- 31 - 141
- Exp. duration:
- 1 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: (LC50= 0.48 mg/l) There was no significant difference between the LC50 of male and female rats.
- Mortality:
- Yes, 11/18 deaths occurred on day 1 or 2. For more details see Table 1 in field "Remarks on results including tables and figures".
- Clinical signs:
- other: At 17.4 ppm: after exposure, all animals were subdued and wheezing; 2 females lost weight over 10 days, were hunched and blue; 1 female died on day 15 and 1 was sacrificed in extremis. At 25.16 ppm: after exposure, all animals were wheezing and gas
- Body weight:
- All of the animals exposed which survived the first 36 hours after exposure lost weight during the first 4 days of the observation period. Some continued to lose weight and either died or were sacrificed.
- Gross pathology:
- See remarks.
- Other findings:
- - Potential target organs: lung
- Organ weights: The lung weights were increased indicating oedema.
- Other observations: Necropsy findings:
(1) At 17.4 ppm, 1 female died on day 15 had dark patches on all lobes of lungs; the animal sacrificed on day 15 had pale inflated lungs with red 2 lobes of right lung; lung weight was high.
(2) At 25.16 ppm: 1 female dying on day 2 had multiple dark red foci on all lung lobes, 2 dark red lobes; others sacrificed at end of study had red foci on lungs and consolidated lobes; 3 males had pale inflated lungs; lung weights were increased.
(3) At 43.2 ppm: animals dying had inflated lungs with dark patches full of fluid; at necropsy, lung weights increased and all lungs were pale, inflated with 2 animals showing dark patches.
(4) At 83.9 ppm: animals dying on study had red foci in lungs and animals surviving had inflated and pale lungs except for red areas of consolidation, lung weights were increased.
(5) At 267.1 ppm: animals dying on day 1 had fluid in lung and thorax, animals dying after Day 1 had inflated, red lungs; single survivor had pale enlarged lungs with red spots on all lobes, enlarged adrenals and gray kidneys.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Conc. (ppm) |
Isomer ratio 2,4:2,6 |
Mortality (# dead/total) | Time range of deaths (days) | ||
Male | Female | Combined | |||
17.4 | 3.13:1 | 0/4 | 1/4 | 1/8 | day 15 |
25.16 | 2.53:1 | 1/4 | 3/4 | 4/8 | (2-19) |
43.2 | 4.1:1 | 2/4 | 1/4 | 3/8 | (2-11) |
83.9 | 3.13:1 | 1/4 | 2/4 | 3/8 | (2-4) |
267.1 | 2.27:1 | 4/4 | 3/4 | 7/8 | (1-2) |
controls | - | 0/4 | 0/4 | 0/8 | - |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Toxicity Category I
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: other: EU-GHS
- Conclusions:
- TDI is toxic via inhalation, although its relatively low volatility, tendency to deposit on cool surfaces, and reactivity with moisture limits the acute toxicity hazard to some degree.
- Executive summary:
In an acute inhalation toxicity study (Doe and Horspool, 1980), groups of young adult albino rats (Alderly Park strain, 4/sex) were exposed by inhalation route to Toluene diisocyanate (80:20 mixture of the 2,4- and 2,6- isomers) for 1 hour to whole body at concentrations of 0, 17.4, 25.16, 43.2, 83.9 and 267.1 ppm. Animals then were observed for at least 14 days. LC50 Combined = 66 ppm (95 % CL: 31 -141 ppm). All death animals showed signs of lung damage, the lungs were haemorrhagic and inflated or fluid filled.
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