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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Acute Toxicity: inhalation

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
acute toxicity: inhalation
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
1970
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
1970

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
Deviations:
not specified
GLP compliance:
no
Test type:
standard acute method
Limit test:
no

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Benzonitrile
EC Number:
202-855-7
EC Name:
Benzonitrile
Cas Number:
100-47-0
Molecular formula:
C7H5N
IUPAC Name:
benzonitrile
impurity 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Toluene
EC Number:
203-625-9
EC Name:
Toluene
Cas Number:
108-88-3
Molecular formula:
C7H8
IUPAC Name:
toluene
impurity 2
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Benzaldehyde
EC Number:
202-860-4
EC Name:
Benzaldehyde
Cas Number:
100-52-7
Molecular formula:
C7H6O
IUPAC Name:
benzaldehyde
impurity 3
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Terephthalonitrile
EC Number:
210-783-2
EC Name:
Terephthalonitrile
Cas Number:
623-26-7
Molecular formula:
C8H4N2
IUPAC Name:
terephthalonitrile
impurity 4
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile
EC Number:
210-933-7
EC Name:
Benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile
Cas Number:
626-17-5
Molecular formula:
C8H4N2
IUPAC Name:
isophthalonitrile
impurity 5
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Water
EC Number:
231-791-2
EC Name:
Water
Cas Number:
7732-18-5
Molecular formula:
H2O
IUPAC Name:
water
Test material form:
liquid

Test animals

Species:
rat
Strain:
other: Albino
Sex:
male/female
Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
Young adult albino rats with average body weight of 220 g were used as test animals.
The rats were housed individually in stock cages and maintained on a standard laboratory diet of Purina Rat Chow plus water ad libitum, except during inhalation exposure.
Each exposure of individual rat in specially constructed all-Plexiglass inhalation chamber (with a capacity of 70 L) ran for 240 min (4 h) during which time observations were made.
At the end of the exposure the rats were returned to their stock cages and observed for the following 14 days.

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:
inhalation: aerosol
Type of inhalation exposure:
whole body
Vehicle:
clean air
Details on inhalation exposure:
Undiluted test material was passed through Ohio Ball-Jet Nebulizer using clean dry air (-40°C dew point), resulting air-aerosol stream mixed with clean dry air to desired aerosol concentration, introduced into the exposure chamber from the top (exhausted from the bottom).
Average aerosol concentrations were calculated by dividing the nebulizer weight loss by the total volume of air used during each inhalation exposure (see "any other information materials and methods").
Duration of exposure:
240 min
Concentrations:
0.8 mg/L and 8.0 mg/L air average aerosol concentration of undiluted benzonitrile
No. of animals per sex per dose:
5
Control animals:
not specified

Results and discussion

Effect levelsopen allclose all
Sex:
male/female
Dose descriptor:
LC0
Effect level:
0.8 mg/L air
Exp. duration:
4 h
Remarks on result:
other: no effect
Key result
Sex:
male/female
Dose descriptor:
LCLo
Effect level:
8 mg/L air
Based on:
test mat.
Exp. duration:
4 h
Remarks on result:
other: 3 of 10 dead

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:
GHS criteria not met
Conclusions:
The acute aerosol inhalation study performed on rats provided no effects at the low dose of 0.8 mg/L air and 3 out of 10 death at the high dose of 8.0 mg/L air.
Executive summary:

In an acute inhalation toxicity study, two groups of young adult Charles River albino rats (5 male + 5 female) were exposed by inhalation route to undiluted benzonitrile aerosol in a specially constructed all-Plexiglass inhalation chamber (with a capacity of 70 L). The exposure ran for 240 min (4 h) at concentrations of 0.8 mg/L and 8.0 mg/L. Animals then were observed for 14 days.

No effects were observed at low concentration. At 8 mg/L the mortality was 3 out of 10 (LD50 > 8 mg/L).