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EC number: 203-584-7 | CAS number: 108-45-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Animals from commercial supplier acclimated in 100% dilution water. Temperature 18.2 - 19.0 ºC. Dissolved oxygen maintained above 6.9 mg/L. Fed once or twice daily before test. Static screening test was followed by flow-through test. Test temperature was 18 ± 1 ºC with five concentrations of test substance and a dilution water control. Twenty amphipods equally distributed among 2 replicates of each treatment. Concentrations monitored every 24 hours with HPLC. Used computer program to calculate LC50.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Stock solution was used; 40.8 g of test substance was dissolved in deionized water and diluted to 1000 mL.
- Test organisms (species):
- Gammarus fasciatus
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: amphipod
- Source: Aquatic Research Organisms division of Resource Analysts, Inc.
- Feeding during test: no food 48 h prior and during the test
- Average wet weight (blotted dry): 0.02 g
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: more than 14 days
- Acclimation conditions : in 100% dilution water, in glass aquarium, under flow-through conditions, temp 18.2-10 ºC, DO above 6.9 mg/L
- Type and amount of food: Tetra-min dry fish food
- Feeding frequency: once or twice daily
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): free of apparent sickness, injury and abnormalities - Test type:
- flow-through
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Test temperature:
- 17.1 - 18.5 ºC
- pH:
- 8.2 -8.4
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.5 - 9.0 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0, 3.6, 6.0, 9.6, 14.4, 24.0 mg/L
Measured: ND, 3.8, 5.3, 8.5, 13.0, 23.4 mg/L
- static screening test used nominal concentrations: 0.2, 2.0, 20, 200, and 2000 mg/L
- flow-through screening test used nominal concentrations 3.6 and 24.0 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 4 Liter glass vessels
- Aeration: no
- Type of flow-through (e.g., peristaltic or proportional diluter): intermittent flow proportional diluter
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): 16.1 volume exchanges per test vessel per day
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 0.08 g/L
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: well water collected at EnviroSystems in Hampton, New Hampshire
- adjusted to hardness of 160 mg/L as CaCO3
- stored in 500-gallon polyethylene tanks and aerated
- Total organic carbon: <1.0 mg/L
- TSS: <10 mg/L
- Pesticides: Not detected
- Conductivity: 1200 micromhos/cm
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light/ 8 h dark
- Type: cool white fluorescent light
- Light intensity: 10 uEs-1m-2
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- static screening test used nominal concentrations: 0.2, 2.0, 20, 200, and 2000 mg/L
- flow-through screening test used nominal concentrations 3.6 and 24.0 mg/L - Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 4.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 4.3 - 5.1 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 5.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 4.9-6.3 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 7.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 6.8-8.8 mg/L
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 23.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Details on results:
- - amphipods exposed to 13 mg/L were lethargic and those exposed to 23.4 mg/L were immobilized at 24 hours
- all surviving amphipods exposed to 8.5 mg/L were lethargic at 48 hours and immobilized at 72 hours
- 8 of the 12 surviving amphipods exposed to 5.3 mg/L were immobilized at 72 hours and all survivors were immobilized at 96 hours
- Any observations (e.g., precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no insoluble material was observed. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Exposure of amphipods to the test substance resulted in a 96 h LC50 of 4.6 mg/L, with 95% confidence interval of 4.3 - 5.1 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
Exposure of amphipods to the test substance resulted in a 96 hour LC50 of 4.6 mg/L, with a 95 percent confidence interval of 4.3 - 5.1 mg/L.
Static range test produced 100% survival at 0.2 and 2.0 mg/L and 0% survival at all higher tested concentrations. Test was performed under unaerated, flow through conditions with 5 concentrations at 18 ºC. Amphipods were acclimated for more than 14 days. Amphipods exposed to 13 mg/L were lethargic and those exposed to 23.4 mg/L were immobilized at 24 hours. All surviving amphipods exposed to 8.5 mg/L were lethargic at 48 hours and immobilized at 72 hours. Eight of the 12 surviving amphipods exposed to 5.3 mg/L were immobilized at 72 hours and all survivors were immobilized at 96 hours.
Reference
Affected/Survival (%)
|
0 hr |
24 hr |
48 hr |
72 hr |
96 hr |
|||||
Measured Concentration (mg/L) |
Rep 1 |
Rep 2 |
Rep 1 |
Rep 2 |
Rep 1 |
Rep 2 |
Rep 1 |
Rep 2 |
Rep 1 |
Rep 2 |
ND |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/90 |
3.8 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/90 |
0/100 |
0/90 |
0/90 |
0/90 |
0/90 |
0/90 |
5.3 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/90 |
0/100 |
0/90 |
0/100 |
40/40 |
40/80 |
10/10 |
30/30 |
8.5 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
0/90 |
60/60 |
30/30 |
10/10 |
- |
- |
- |
13 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
100/100 |
90/90 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
23.4 |
0/100 |
0/100 |
100/100 |
90/90 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Dashes represent vessels with no surviving amphipods. Affected amphipods exposed to 13.0 mg/L were lethargic and those exposed to 23.4 mg/L were immobilized. All surviving amphipods exposed to 8.5 mg/L were affected at 48 hours and immobilized at 72 hours. Affected amphipods exposed to 5.3 mg/L were immobilized.
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 4.6 mg/L
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