Allyl methacrylate

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

10.11.2004 - 17.06.2005

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study, GLP

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)

Deviations:

not specified

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)

Deviations:

not applicable

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OPPTS 850.5400 (Algal Toxicity, Tiers I and II) (January 2012)

Deviations:

not applicable

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

At T0 hour, samples of 5 mL were taken from each test item solution before addition of algae and from the test medium (control). Samples were analyzed immediately by HPLC.
At T24, T48, T72 and T96 hours, samples were taken from all test replicate groups at each concentration (except for the control), pooled by concentration (5 mL in total) and were analyzed immediately by HPLC.
Further samples were also taken at T24, T48, T72 and T96 hours from the solutions which contained no algae and had been run alongside the test to determine the influence of adsorption (at the surface of algae cells) and/or algae metabolism on the possible decrease in test item
concentration throughout the test. Samples were analyzed immediately.

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)

Details on test organisms:

Starin: CCAP 278/4
Cultured at: CIT
Origin: Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa, Institute of Freshwater Ecology, Far Sawrey, Ambleside, Cumbria, LA22 OLP, UK
Culture method: the algae were cultured under sterile conditions and maintained at
exponential growth rate by adding weekly aliquots of algal culture to
fresh reconstituted water samples.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

34 mg/L CaCO3

Test temperature:

22.3 - 24.3°C

pH:

7.19 - 7.96

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal test concentrations:
0, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0, 100, 200 mg/L

Measured test concentrations 0 h
2.02, 4.37, 8.63, 14.8, 30.7, 63.3 and 135 mg/L

Measured test concentrations 48 h:
1.71, 4.02, 8.41, 14.9, 30.6, 63.2 and 135 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Light intensity and quality: 6820 - 7860 lux

Reference substance (positive control):

not required

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

4.37 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

59.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: 95% Confidence Limits 53.7-65.9 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

27.9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

4.37 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

19.3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Remarks on result:

other: 17.1 - 21.7 mg/l

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

5.7 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Details on results:

At 96-hours:
ErC 50 = 77.2 mg/l (95% Confidence Limits 71.1-83.8 mg/L)
EbC 50 = 28.8 mg/l (95% Confidence Limits 25.7-32.4 mg/L)
NOEC (growth rate) = 30.6 mg/l
NOEC (biomass) = 4.02 mg/l

Definitive (EC50) test – 72 hours – number of cells and calculation of the specific growth rate at each concentration

Nominal conc (mg/L)	Rep.	Total No. Of cells at 72 h (10 E4/ml)	Ln No. of cells	Mean Ln No. of cells	Specific growth rate	% Inhibition of growth rate
0	1 2 3 4 5 6	128.0 128.0 167.0 145.0 148.0 175.0	14.06 14.06 14.33 14.19 14.21 14.37	14.20	0.07
3.13	1 2 3	158.0 160.0 140.0	14.27 14.29 14.15	14.24	0.07	- 0.66
6.25	1 2 3	159.0 165.0 151.0	14.28 14.32 14.23	14.27	0.07	- 1.41
15.5	1 2 3	115.0 101.0 108.0	13.95 13.83 13.89	13.89	0.07	6.26
25.0	1 2 3	71.0 83.5 67.0	13.47 13.63 13.41	13.51	0.06	13.94
50.0	1 2 3	53.0 61.5 62.5	13.18 13.33 13.63	13.28	0.09	18.40
100	1 2 3	12.8 23.8 15.9	11.76 12.38 11.98	12.04	0.04	43.36
200	1 2 3	1.8 1.0 1.0	9.80 9.21 9.21	9.41	0.00	96.08

Ln number of cells at TO (10 000 cells) = 9.21

Definitive (EC50) test – Number of cells (10 E4 cell/ml) at each observation time (0, 24, 48 and 72 hours), calculation of the area under the growth curve (biomass) at each concentration (Area = cell/ml/h) and 72 hour % inhibition

		Total number of cells			Growth					Inhibition (%)
Nominal conc. mg/l	Rep.	at 24 h	at 48 h	at 72 h	0 to 24 h	24 to 48 h	48 to 72 h	0 to 72 h	Average (0 to 72 h)
0	1 2 3 4 5 6	1.90 2.10 1.90 3.00 2.00 2.70	18.20 17.00 18.70 17.00 20.00 20.00	128.00 128.00 167.00 145.00 148.00 175.00	10.80 13.20 10.80 24.00 12.00 20.40	217.20 205.20 223.20 216.00 240.00 248.40	1730.40 1716.00 2204.40 1920.00 1992.00 2316.00	1958.40 1934.40 2438.40 2160.00 2244.00 2584.80	2220.00
3.13	1 2 3	2.30 2.40 2.30	20.80 22.20 20.00	158.00 160.00 140.00	15.60 16.80 15.60	253.20 271.20 243.60	2121.60 2162.40 1896.00	2390.40 2450.40 2155.20	2332.00	- 5.05
6.25	1 2 3	1.90 2.30 3.00	17.30 15.10 14.60	159.00 165.00 151.00	10.80 15.60 24.00	206.40 184.80 187.80	2091.60 2137.20 1963.20	2308.80 2337.60 2174.40	2273.60	- 2.41
15.5	1 2 3	2.90 3.40 2.30	12.50 13.00 12.50	115.00 101.00 108.00	22.80 28.80 15.60	160.80 172.80 153.60	1506.00 1344.00 1422.00	1689.60 1545.60 1591.20	1608.80	27.53
25.0	1 2 3	1.50 2.10 2.20	13.10 11.40 12.00	71.00 83.50 67.00	6.00 13.20 14.40	151.20 138.00 146.40	985.20 1114.80 924.00	1142.40 1266.00 1084.80	1164.40	47.55
50.0	1 2 3	1.10 1.10 1.70	10.30 9.30 10.40	53.00 61.50 62.50	1.20 1.20 8.40	112.80 100.80 121.20	735.60 825.60 850.80	849.60 927.60 980.40	919.20	58.59
100	1 2 3	1.00 1.30 1.00	2.90 4.90 5.60	12.80 23.80 15.90	0.00 3.60 0.00	22.80 50.40 55.20	164.40 320.40 234.00	187.20 374.40 289.20	283.60	87.23
200	1 2 3	1.00 1.10 1.00	1.00 1.00 1.10	1.80 1.00 1.00	0.00 1.20 0.00	0.00 1.20 1.20	9.60 0.00 1.20	9.60 2.40 2.40	4.80	99.78

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

In this study Allyl methacrylate found to inhibit the growth of the freshwater green alga Pseudokirchnerialla subcapitata after 72 hours.
The NOEC, EC10 and EC50 values based on growth rate were 4.37 mg/L, 27.9 and 59.6 (95% c.i. 53.7 - 65.9) mg/L mg/L, respectively.
The NOEC, EC10 and EC50 values based on biomass were 4.37 mg/L, 5.7 and 19.3 (95% c.i. 17.1 - 21.7) mg/L mg/L, respectively.

Executive summary:

In a 96 hr acute toxicity study, the cultures of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata were exposed to Allyl methacrylate to measured concentrations of 0 (control), 2.02, 4.37, 8.63, 14.8 30.7, 63.3 and 135 mg/L under static conditions in accordance with the OECD guideline 201 (adopted 7 th June 1984).

The NOEC, EC10 and EC50 values based on growth rate were 4.37 mg/L, 27.9 mg/L and 59.6 (95% c.i. 53.7 – 65.9) mg/L, respectively.

The NOEC, EC10 and EC50 values based on yield were 4.37 mg/L, 5.7 mg/L and 19.3 (95% c.i. 17.1 – 21.7)mg/L, respectively

.

 

 

Results Synopsis

Test Organism: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

Test Type: Static

72 hr ErC50: 59.6 (95% c.i. 53.7 – 65.9) mg/L

72 hr EyC50: 19.3 (95% c.i. 17.1 – 21.7) mg/L

72 hr ErC10: 27.9 mg/L

72 hr EyC10: 5.7 mg/L

72 hr NOEC: 4.37 mg/L

 

Endpoint(s) Effected: growth rate, yield

NOTE: Any of data in this dataset are disseminated by the European Union on a right-to-know basis and this is not a publication in the same sense as a book or an article in a journal. The right of ownership in any part of this information is reserved by the data owner(s). The use of this information for any other, e.g. commercial purpose is strictly reserved to the data owners and those persons or legal entities having paid the respective access fee for the intended purpose.

Description of key information

EC50 72 h(acute): 59.6 mg/L; EC10 72 h (chronic): 27.9 mg/l; NOEC 72 h: 4.37 mg/l based on growth rate.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for freshwater algae:

59.6 mg/L

EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:

27.9 mg/L