Nickel difluoride

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

0.021 mg/L

Marine water invertebrates

Marine water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

0.38 mg/L

Additional information

Freshwater (Nickel):

From the database of acute toxicity to freshwater invertebrates, there are 30 high quality studies which predominantly report the 48h LC50 as the endpoint. Twenty-four species are represented in these studies, dominated by Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia.  The 48h LC50s values range from 0.013 mg Ni/L (Ceriodaphnia dubia; Schubauer-Berigan et al., 1993) to 4970 mg Ni/L (Daphnia magna; Chapman and Recht, 1980).

Fresh water (Fluoride)

The lowest measured value for fluoride action is 14.6mg/L active on an amphipod Hylella azteca. This value is much hihjer than the recorded value for dissolved Ni. Fluoride contribution to NiF2 toxicity is negligible

CONCLUSION LC50 0.013 mg/L Ni = LC50 0.021 mg/L NiF2

Marine water (Nickel):

From the database of acute toxicity to marine invertebrates, there are 16 high quality studies which report predominantly 48h LC50 and 48h EC50 as the endpoint. Twenty species are represented in these studies. The 48h LC50s values range from 0.23 mg/L (Haliotis refescens; Hunt et al., 2002b) to 415 mg/L (Penaeus duorarum; Bentley et al., 1975b). The 48h EC50 values range from 0.35 mg/L (Crassostrea gigas; Martin et al., 1981a) to 4.66 mg/L (Artemia salina; Kissa et al., 1984).

Marine Water (Fluoride)

The lowest measured value for fluoride action is 10.5mg/L active in the arthropod Mysidopsis bahia. This value is much hihjer than the recorded value for dissolved Ni. Fluoride contribution to NiF2 toxicity is negligible

CONCLUSION LC50 0.23 mg/L Ni = LC50 0.38 mg/L NiF2

FOR AN EXTENSIVE DISCUSSION, REFER TO THE NICKEL SULFATE DOSSIER WHICH IS BASED ON THE CONCLUSIONS EXPLAINED IN THE 2008/2009 EUROPEAN UNION EXISITING SUBSTANCE RISK ASSESSMENT OF NICKEL (EU RAR) (EEC 793/93)