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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 211-670-0 | CAS number: 683-18-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Ecotoxicological Summary
Administrative data
Hazard for aquatic organisms
Freshwater
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 0.001 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 1 000
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
- PNEC freshwater (intermittent releases):
- 0.008 mg/L
Marine water
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 0 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 10 000
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
STP
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC STP
- PNEC value:
- 0.115 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 100
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Sediment (freshwater)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 0.007 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Sediment (marine water)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 0.001 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Hazard for air
Hazard for terrestrial organisms
Soil
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC soil
- PNEC value:
- 0.002 mg/kg soil dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Hazard for predators
Secondary poisoning
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC oral
- PNEC value:
- 0.2 mg/kg food
- Assessment factor:
- 30
Additional information
For derivation of the PNECaqua (freshwater), PNECaqua (marine water) and PNECaqua (intermittent release), the results of the Hooftman RN and De Wolf JM, 2003b and 2004studies were used. These are reliable studies (rated 2 according to the criteria set out by Klimisch, 1999) and give the lowest results observed in the key information for any of the ecotoxicology endpoints. The study examined acute toxicity of the test substance to Daphnia over a 48 hour exposure period and was conducted in accordance with OECD guideline for testing number 202. The standard assessment factors given in the European Chemicals Agency guidance document (R.10: Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for environment) have been used to predict the above PNEC values from the results.
The PNECstp has been derived based upon the Stasinakis A et al 2001, study which provided a EC50 result of 11.5 mg/l. The standard assessment factors given in the European Chemicals Agency guidance document (R.10: Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for environment) have been used to predict the PNEC values from the Biemborn, 1999 results.
PNECsediment and PNECsoil values have been estimated using the equilibrium partitioning method, in the absence of measured physico-chemical data, based on physico-chemical properties determined by expert judgement.
Conclusion on classification
Classification and labelling has been based upon the key information for the ecotoxicity endpoints. The results of these studies are as follows:
96 hour LC50 (fish): > 4 mg/l (Hooftman RN and De Wolf JM 2003a)
48 hour EC50 (Daphnia): 0.843 mg/l (Hooftman RN and De Wolf JM, 2003b; Hooftman RN and De Wolf JM 2004)
72 hour EC50 (algae): 8 mg/l (Oldersma H et al 2003)
It should also be considered that the substance does not meet the definition of a readily biodegradable substance (Günzel P et al 1993).
The lowest of these results is the 48 hour EC50 for Daphnia (Hooftman RN and De Wolf JM, 2003b; Hooftman RN and De Wolf JM 2004), and this end-point has been used for classification and labelling and this meets the criteria under 67/548/EEC and EC Regulation 1272/2008 as follows:
67/548/EEC:
R50 and R53: Very toxic to aquatic organisms and May cause long-term adverse effects to the aquatic environment.
EC Regulation 1272/2008:
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, Acute: Category 1 and Chronic: Category 1
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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