4-chloroaniline

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: National Guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Results of the harmful effects of water pollutants to green algae (Scenedesmus subspicatus) in the cell multiplication inhibition test

Author:

Kuehn R, Pattard M

Year:

1990

Bibliographic source:

Wat. Res. 24, 31-38

Reference 2

Reference Type:

review article or handbook

Title:

p-Chloranilin

Author:

Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh)

Year:

1993

Bibliographic source:

Beratergremium für umweltrelevante Altstoffe (BUA). Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, BUA-Stoffbericht 153

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

DIN-Standard 38412 L9 (Algae, Cell multiplication inhibition test), Method of the German Standards Institution, Berlin, Germany

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

4-chloroaniline

EC Number:

203-401-0

EC Name:

4-chloroaniline

Cas Number:

106-47-8

Molecular formula:

C6H6ClN

IUPAC Name:

4-chloroaniline

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 4-Chloroaniline
- Analytical purity: no data

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Before beginning the test, the stock solution of the test substance (sample) was adjusted to pH.

Test solutions

Details on test solutions:

The test substance was quantitatively dissolved to produce an stock solution in 800 ml double
distilled water.
Wide-neck bottles of 250ml with ground-glass stoppers were used as the test vessels.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)

Details on test organisms:

Stock culture:

- Scenedesmus subspicatus (strain number 8681 SAG)
-100 ml flasks with caps and 20 ml nutrient solution sterilized and inoculated with 2 ml
cell suspension taken from a 10-day old culture.

Preliminary culture:

-The cell concentration in the preliminary culture flasks must amount to 10x E4 ml-1.
This was to ensure that the culture was still in a process of logarithmic growth after 72 h.
-The cell material of the preliminary cultures was used after 72 h to inoculate the dilution
preparation after the cell concentration had been fixed at 10xE5 ml-1.
- The cultivation of the preliminary cultures was undertaken 3 days prior to the preparation of the test solution.

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test conditions

Test temperature:

21-25°C

pH:

8 ± 0.3

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Tested concentration range (mg/L; nominal): 0.4-50

Details on test conditions:

The test and control preparations were incubated under constant lighting and shaken daily.

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

0.4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

0.4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

1.4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Effect concentrations 4

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

8 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Effect concentrations 5

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

2.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Effect concentrations 6

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

2.8 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Details on results:

As the algal cultures-depending on the test duration-were in variuos growth phases, this could have
influenced the test result.
Thus, the EC10 and EC50 values were determined after 72 and after 96h. At the end of the 3-day test period,
the algae in the control preparations were still in the process of logarithmic growth, at the end of the 4-day
period they were in transition to the stationary growth phase.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Executive summary:

Scenedesmus subspicatus proved to be a sensitive freshwater species in a 96 h-cell multiplication inhibition test in accordance with DIN 38412, L9 (German Institute of Standardization). A 72 h-EC50 value of 2.2 mg/litre for Scenedesmus subspicatus was determined (Kuehn and Pattard, 1990).