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Ecotoxicological information

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Link to relevant study record(s)

Description of key information

Two reliable chronic toxicity studies were identified. the first study by Biesinger and Christensen reported a 21d-EC16 of 5.8 mg Ba/L (nominal values), which can be used for the estimation of a NOEC-value of 2.9 mg/L (i.e., EC16/2; ECHA-guidance).
The second data point was generated for the marine invertebrate Cancer anthonyi (Macdpnald et al, 1988). Here, a nominal, 7d-NOEC of 10 mg Ba/L was reported, and this for the endpoint embryonal hatching.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates
Effect concentration:
2.9 mg/L

Marine water invertebrates

Marine water invertebrates
Effect concentration:
10 mg/L

Additional information

According to ECHA Guidance, a NOEC can be estimated by dividing a reliable ECX by 2, and this when x is situated between 10 and 20 % effect. The 21d-EC16 of 5.8 mg Ba/L for D. magna, as reported by Biesinger and Christensen (1972) is in compliance with this criterion. Therefore a NOEC of 2.9 mg Ba/L could be derived for the freshwater compartment.

For C. anthonyi, 24h-acclimated embryo's stripped from the pleopods of ovigerous females were used as test organisms. This type of life-stage is generally considered as the most sensitive one, and a 7 day exposure period combined with the endpoint under consideration (i.e., hatching/development) should therefore result in relevant chronic effects data.