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Toxicological information

Developmental toxicity / teratogenicity

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
developmental toxicity
Type of information:
migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Summary of available, relevant studies on chromates. All are acceptable study reports which meet basic scinetific principles.

Data source

Referenceopen allclose all

Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Chromium induced teratogenicity in female rat.
Author:
Kanojia, R. K., M. Junaid, et al.
Year:
1996
Bibliographic source:
Toxicol Lett.89(3): 207-13.
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Embryo and fetotoxicity of hexavalent chromium: a long-term study.
Author:
Kanojia, R. K., M. Junaid, et al.
Year:
1998
Bibliographic source:
Toxicol Lett.95(3): 165-72.
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Short-term exposure of female rats to industrial metal salts: Effect on implantation and pregnancy.
Author:
Bataineh, H. N., Z. M. Bataineh, et al.
Year:
2007
Bibliographic source:
Reprod Med Biol.6: 179-183.
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Sexual maturation and fertility of male and female mice exposed prenatally and postnatally to trivalent and hexavalent chromium compounds.
Author:
Al-Hamood, M. H., A. Elbetieha, et al.
Year:
1998
Bibliographic source:
Reprod Fertil Dev.10(2): 179-83.
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Teratogenicity of hexavalent chromium in rats and the beneficial role of ginseng.
Author:
Elsaieed, E. M. and S. A. Nada
Year:
2002
Bibliographic source:
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol.68(3): 361-8.

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:
List of other studies on developmental toxicity of soluble chromates after oral exposure.

Results and discussion

Results (fetuses)

Fetal abnormalities

Abnormalities:
not specified

Overall developmental toxicity

Developmental effects observed:
not specified

Any other information on results incl. tables

 

Table 1

 

 

 

 

Developmental effects of soluble chromates

 

 

(*= key study)

 

 

 

 

strain

chromate

study design

results

reference

female Swiss albino rats

potassium dichromate

250-750 ppm in drinking water for 20 days prior to mating

decreased number of live foetuses; reduced foetal ossification; increased numbers of subdermal hemorrhagic thoracic abdominal patches, kinky tails, short tails; no gross visceral abnormalities observed

(Kanojia, Junaid et al. 1996)

female Duckrey rats

potassium dichromate

250-750 ppm in drinking water for 3 months prior to mating

reduced foetal weight; reduced ossification and crown-rump lengths; no gross visceral abnormalities

(Kanojia, Junaid et al. 1998)

mated female rats

potassium dichromate

25 mg/kg/day by gavage on gestational days 1-6

decreased number of implantations and live foetuses

(Bataineh, Bataineh et al. 2007)

pregnant female BALB/c mice

potassium dichromate

66 mg Cr(VI)/kg/day in drinking water on gestation day 12 through lactation day 20

decreases in numbers of pregnant animals, implantations and viable foetuses when female offspring were mated with unexposed males; no developmental effects in male offspring

(Al-Hamood, Elbetieha et al. 1998)

pregnant rats

potassium dichromate

50 ppm drinking water during days 6-15 of gestation

inbreased number of dead foetuses; decreased foetal weight; increased visceral (renal pelvis dilatation) abnormalities and incomplete ossification of skull bone

(Elsaieed and Nada 2002)

 

Applicant's summary and conclusion