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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-209-7 | CAS number: 7446-81-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 982
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The study was conducted according to the method described by Klecak (1977) and Klecak and Geleick (1977).
Klecak (1977), Dermatoxicology and Pharmacology. Eds, Marzulli F N, Maibach H I. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Klecak and Geleick (1977), Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists, 28: 53. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of study:
- Freund's complete adjuvant test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- A reliable in vivo test was available before the implementation of the OECD 429 method.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Acrylic acid
- EC Number:
- 201-177-9
- EC Name:
- Acrylic acid
- Cas Number:
- 79-10-7
- Molecular formula:
- C3H4O2
- IUPAC Name:
- acrylic acid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Acrylic acid
- Analytical purity: 55% (gas chromatigraphy) / >98% after destillation procedure.
- Impurities (concentrations): 45% (gas chromatography) / < 2% after destillation procedure.
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- other: Himalayan white and Dunkin-Hartley (two strains due to the shortage of animals)
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Himalayan white (Inst. for Biomedical Research, Füllinsdorf, Switzerland) / Dunkin-Hartley (Olac Ltd., Bicester, England)
- Weight at study initiation: 350-450 g
- Housing: in pairs
- Diet (ad libitum): Pellet
- Water (ad libitum): water containing vitamin C
Study design: in vivo (non-LLNA)
Induction
- Route:
- intradermal
- Vehicle:
- other: Refer to Details on study design (Traditional tests)
- Concentration / amount:
- Induction: 0.5 M
- Day(s)/duration:
- On days 0, 2, 4, 7 and 9
Challenge
- Route:
- epicutaneous, open
- Vehicle:
- other: Refer to Details on study design (Traditional tests)
- Concentration / amount:
- no concentration given
- Day(s)/duration:
- day 21 (right flank) and day 35 (left flank)
- No. of animals per dose:
- 8
- Details on study design:
- RANGE FINDING TESTS:
Skin irritation caused by a single open application was determined for Acrylic acid in FCA pretreated animals (not participating in the sensitization procedure). On the clipped flank of 8 animals 0.025 mL of the test substance was applied with a pipette in progressively diluted (one third) concentrations, each in areas of 2 cm2 marked with a circular stamp. A mixture of 2 parts methyl ethyl ketone and 1 part of peanut oil by volume (Aramek) was used as a solvent. The reactions were read after 24 and 48 h. The maximum nonirritating concentration (m.n.i.c.) was determined, which is the highest concentration not causing a macroscopic reaction in any of the animals.
MAIN STUDY
A. INDUCTION EXPOSURE
After the acid was emulsified in FCA, an equal volume of distilled water was added. On days 0, 2, 4, 7 and 9 intradermal injections with 0.1 mL of this emulsion were given in the shoulder area from the left to the right paw. Control animals were similarly treated with FCA, blended with an equal volume of distilled water.
B. CHALLENGE EXPOSURE
All the animals were tested epicutaneously on day 21 (right flank) and day 35 (left flank). On day 21 right flank and on day 35 left flank of both groups were shaved. The test substance and the vehicle was applied in an amount of 0.025 mL with a pipette on an area of 2 cm2, marked with a circular stamp. The test sites were left uncovered and read at 24 h and 48 h. - Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- various monoacrylates
Results and discussion
In vivo (non-LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- no data
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 8
- Remarks on result:
- other: Test group (Acrylic acid (destillate, >98%)
- Key result
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- no data
- No. with + reactions:
- 8
- Total no. in group:
- 8
- Remarks on result:
- other: Test group (Acrylic acid containing an unidentified impurity of 45%)
- Key result
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- no data
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 6
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Key result
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- no data
- No. with + reactions:
- 8
- Total no. in group:
- 8
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Remarks:
- various acrylates have been tested and were positive (result from n-hexyl acrylate)
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
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