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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Endpoint:
epidemiological data
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Well documented publication

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate tablets for routine treatment of householf drinking water in periurban Ghana: A randomized controlled trial
Author:
Jain S, Sahanoon O, Blanton E, Schmitz A, Wannemuehler K, Hoekstra R & Quick R
Year:
2010
Bibliographic source:
Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 82 (1) pp: 16-22

Materials and methods

Endpoint addressed:
repeated dose toxicity: oral
Principles of method if other than guideline:
A randomized, placebo-controlled, triple blinded trail to determine the health impact of daily use of sodium dichloroisocynaurate (NaDCC) tablets for household drinking water treatment was conducted in periurban Ghana.

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Troclosene sodium
EC Number:
220-767-7
EC Name:
Troclosene sodium
Cas Number:
2893-78-9
Molecular formula:
C3HCl2N3O3.Na
IUPAC Name:
sodium 3,5-dichloro-2,4,6-trioxo-1,3,5-triazinan-1-ide
Details on test material:
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): NaDCC tablets

Method

Type of population:
general
Details on study design:
HYPOTHESIS TESTED: The hypothesis tested was that daily use of NaDCC would improve microbiological dinking water quality and decrease individual diarrhea rates among study households



METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
- Type: Interview



STUDY PERIOD: 12 weeks between August and November 2006


SETTING: Tamale, Ghana


STUDY POPULATION
- Selection criteria: Multifamily households with at least one child under 5 years old.
- Total number of subjects participating in study: 240 households with 3240
- Sex/age/race: 51% were female. Median age was 18 years (range 1 month to 95 years); 17% were children under 5 years old. The median age of interviewed heads of household was 367 years (range 18-74). 99% were female.



COMPARISON POPULATION
- Type: Control group
- Details: Placebo tablets


HEALTH EFFECTS STUDIED
- Diarrheal episodes were recorded each week. Each household had two visits in each calender week.
Details on exposure:
Each household received 20-L safe water storage vessel. Tablets for the intervention group were designesd to disinfect 20 L of water, contained NaDCC with a pharmaceutical/food grade effervescent base that allowed the tablets to dissolve rapidly in water, placebo tablets consited only of the effervescent base.
Statistical methods:
Data were analyzed using SAS version 9.2 (SAS institute, Cary NC).

Results and discussion

Results:
Over 12 weeks, 446 diarrhea episodes (2.2%) occurred in intervention and 404 (2.0%) in control households (P = 0.38). Residual free chlorine levels indicated appropriate tablet use. Escherichia coli was found in stored water at baseline in 96% of intervention and 88% of control households and at finalevaluation in 8% of intervention and 54% of control households (P = 0.002).

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
NaDCC use did not prevent diarrhea but improved water quality.