Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 200-909-4 | CAS number: 75-86-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
As indicated in the hydrolysis study acetone cyanhydrin hydrolyses in contact with water rapidly within minutes to acetone and cyanide. In this study the arthopods were exposed via the gas phase. Therefore hydrolysis is depending on the air humidity.
The results indicate that the toxic action of the cyanohydrin in insects is due to the combined effects of cyanide ion, the ketone produced by the decomposition of the cyanohydrin, and possibly the intact cyanohydrin molecule.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
In
a study house flies (Musca domestica) and lesser grain borer
(Rhyzopertha dominica)
and were fumigated with acetone cyanohydrin. The 24h LC50 for house
flies is reported to be 0.07 mg acetone cyanhydrin /L (nominal), for the
lesser grain borer 0.40 mg acetone cyanhydrin/L (nominal).
In further studies the concentration of the cyanide ion in the insects
after fumigation with acetone cyanhydrin and hydrogen cyanide,
respectively at the LC99 effect concentration was determined.
The concentration of cyanide ion was much higher in the house flies
exposed to HCN fumigation (680 mgCN-/g insect body) than in
the flies that were exposed to acetone cyanohydrin fumigation (48 mgCN-/g
insect body) or to topical application of acetone cyanohydrin. The
concentration of cyanide ion in lesser grain borer was 43 mgCN-/g
insect body after fumigation.
The
results indicate that the toxic action of the cyanohydrin in insects is
due to the combined effects of cyanide ion, the ketone produced by the
decomposition of the cyanohydrin, and possibly the intact cyanohydrin
molecule.
According to ECETOC (JACC report No. 53, Volume I, 2007), reportedly 7.1
ppm HCN was the 4h LC50 of Sitophilus grenarius. Another work
addressed cyanide metabolism (detoxification) in Sitophilus grenarius
and Schistocerca gregaria. Several adults and Larvae of arthropods
were exposed to 8.00 mg HCN/m3 in air. Paralysis occurred within 1 – 120
minutes depending on species and stages of development.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
