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EC number: 208-169-4 | CAS number: 513-79-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Relevant and reliable data that could be used for PNEC derivation for long-term toxicity for freshwater fish were retrieved for 3 different species. The EC10s ranged from 351.4 µg Co/L for Pimephales promelas to 2,171 µg Co/L for the Oncorhynchus mykiss. Relevant and reliable data that could be used for PNEC derivation for long-term toxicity for marine fish were retrieved for one species. The EC10 value for the sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus was 31,802 µg Co/L . Test results were obtained in experiments that followed international accepted guidance and were based on measured levels of dissolved cobalt as cobalt dichloride.
Relevant and reliable data that could be used for classification for long-term toxicity for freshwater fish were retrieved for 3 different species. The lowest NOEC/EC10 values for each species ranged from 350mg Co/L for Pimephales promelas that was derived from a long-term > 28 day test, to 2100mg/L for Oncorhynchus mykiss. Test results were obtained in experiments that followed international accepted guidance and were based on measured levels of dissolved cobalt as cobalt dichloride. Chronic toxicity values are reported for one marine fish species. The EC10 value for sheepshead minnow,Cyprinodon variegatuswas 31,802mg Co/L. Relevant and reliable data that could be used for classification for long-term toxicity for freshwater fish were retrieved for 3 different species. The lowest NOEC/EC10 values for each species ranged from 350mg Co/L for Pimephales promelas that was derived from a long-term > 28 day test, to 2100mg/L for Oncorhynchus mykiss. Test results were obtained in experiments that followed international accepted guidance and were based on measured levels of dissolved cobalt as cobalt dichloride. Chronic toxicity values are reported for one marine fish species. The EC10 value for sheepshead minnow,Cyprinodon variegatuswas 31,802mg Co/L. Relevant and reliable data that could be used for classification for long-term toxicity for freshwater fish were retrieved for 3 different species. The lowest NOEC/EC10 values for each species ranged from 350mg Co/L for Pimephales promelas that was derived from a long-term > 28 day test, to 2100mg/L for Oncorhynchus mykiss. Test results were obtained in experiments that followed international accepted guidance and were based on measured levels of dissolved cobalt as cobalt dichloride. Chronic toxicity values are reported for one marine fish species. The EC10 value for sheepshead minnow,Cyprinodon variegatuswas 31,802mg Co/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect concentration:
- 350 µg/L
Marine water fish
Marine water fish
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect concentration:
- 31 802 µg/L
Additional information
Freshwater:
High quality NOEC/L(E)C10 values for chronic toxicity to freshwater fish are based on three fish species, Pimephales promelas, Danio rerio,and Oncorhynchus mykiss. The NOEC/L(E)C10 values for fish range from 350 µg Co/L for Pimephales promelas (CDI 2009b) to 2,171 µg Co/L for the Oncorhynchus mykiss (CDI 2009c). The following table indicates those NOEC or EC10 values that have been carried forward for the HC5 and PNEC derivation:
NOEC or EC10 values for fish that have been carried forward for the freshwater HC5/PNEC derivation.
Key Study (freshwater fish) | Selected values for the most sensitive endpoints used for derivation of the freshwater HC5 | ||
Species | Endpoint | Value (µg Co/L) |
|
CDI 2009d |
Danio rerio |
Mortality |
1,085 |
CDI 2009b |
Pimephales promelas |
Biomass |
350 |
CDI 2009c |
Oncorhynchus mykiss |
Biomass |
2,100 |
Marine:
Chronic toxicity values are reported for one marine fish species. The EC10 value for the sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus was 31,802 µg Co/L (CDI 2010c).
NOEC or EC10 values for fish that have been carried forward for the marine HC5/PNEC derivation.
Key Study (marine fish) | Selected values for the most sensitive endpoints used for the derivation of the marine HC5 | ||||
Species | Endpoint | Value (µgCo/L) |
|||
CDI 2010c | Cyprinodon variegatus | Biomass | 31,802 |
Efforts have been ongoing to characterize the influence of water quality parameters on the toxicity of cobalt to the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. Because water quality parameters (e.g., hardness, pH, dissolved organic carbon, etc.) have effects on the bioavailability and subsequent toxicity of metals to aquatic organisms, Biotic Ligand Models (BLMs) have been developed for certain organisms. To derive the NOEC/EC10 values required for these models, P. promelas were exposed to a series of cobalt concentrations in natural waters for seven days, starting as larval fish (<24 hours old). Testing followed standard United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) short-term chronic toxicity testing methodology.
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