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EC number: 232-033-3 | CAS number: 7783-90-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
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- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Zechel et al. 1989 studied, under GLP principles, the skin and eye irritation properties of silver chloride according to OECD 404 and 405
respectively. They concluded that silver chloride is not irritating or corrosive to skin or eyes.
These findings are supported by Collier et al. 1981 and 1982 confirming the not irritating properties of silver chloride for skin and eyes.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1989-01-31 to 1989-02-04
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- GLP guideline study reliable without restrictions- the stability of the test substance was missing.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 1981-05-12
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: white russian (albino)
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: 8 -11 months
- Weight at study initiation: 2.90 - 2.98 kg
- Housing: stainless steel cages with grating floor, type ASTA, size : 48.5 X 40 X 36.5 cm (LxBxH) ASTA Pharma AG, D-4800 Bielefeld 14, Germany; individually housed
- Diet: approx. 120 gram/day x animal, Standard diet, ssniff K, "Special Diet for Rabbits"; supplied by ssniff Spezialfutter GmbH, D-4770 Soest, germany
- Water (ad libitum): drinking water quality from the Stadtwereke Bielefeld (Municipal Works)
- Acclimation period: 1 day under test conditions before application of the product; veterinary supervision of the animals was done before start of study
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 21 - 22 °C
- Relative humidity: 45 - 60 %
- Photoperiod: (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12 - Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Preparation of test site:
- other: clipped
- Vehicle:
- water
- Controls:
- no
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 gram of the test substance were moistened with demineralized water
VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.15 mL demineralized water - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hours
- Observation period:
- 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours after removal of the patches (duration of the observation period: 3 days p. appl.)
- Number of animals:
- 3 female rabbits
- Details on study design:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure and type of wrap if used: the application sites were clipped free of hair 1 day before treatment.
To avoid deprivation, the test substance was moistened with the vehicle and placed on the shorn dorsal skin area between shoulder and sacrum. The site of application was covered with a linen cloth (approx. 6.25 cm^2) which adhered to a synthetic film glue. The opposite area of the dorsal skin was treated in the same way but without test substance (control site). A bandage wrapped several times around the trunk (Acrylastic, No. 2408, width 8 cm; P. Beiersdorf and Co. AG, Hamburg) provided a complete occlusion.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): after the end of the exposition time remaining test material was gently washed off as far as possible.
SCORING SYSTEM: the treated skin area was qualitatively (erythema / eschar resp. oedema) and quantitaively assessed using the Draize scale. In addition, attention was paid to the occurrence of further reactions on the skin (e.g. corrosive effect) and to clinical symptoms (systemic toxic effects). - Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- The single application of 0.5 gram silver chloride to the intact skins of three rabbits caused no changes.
Neither erythema nor oedema could be detected.
The areas not treated with the test substance did not show any reactions. - Other effects:
- Systemic-toxic effects did not occur after dermal application of the test substance. The general condition of the test animals was not affected.
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Remarks:
- Silver chloride is not irritating to the skin.
- Conclusions:
- Silver chloride is not irritating to the skin.
According to the EC-Commission directive 67/548/EEC and its subsequent amendments, the test substance is not classified as irritating to the skin.
According to the EC-Regulation 1272/2008 and subsequent regulations, the test item is not classified as irritating to the skin.
Reference
- Source of test animals: ASTA Pharma AG, D-4800 Bielefeld 14 , Germany
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1989-04-18 to 1989-04-27
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 1987-02-24
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: white russian (albino)
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: 10 months
- Weight at study initiation: 2.23 - 2.66 kg
- Housing: stainless steel cages with grating floor, type ASTA, size: 48.5X40X36.5 cm (LxBxH), ASTA Pharma AG, D-4800 Bielefeld 14; individually housed
- Diet: approx. 120 gram/day x animal, Standard Diet ssniff K, "Special diet for rabbits" supplied by ssniff Spezialfutter GmbH, D-4770 Soest
- Water (ad libitum): srinking quality from the Stadtwerke Bielefeld (Municipal Works)
- Acclimation period: the animals were kept one day under test conditions before application of the product. Veterinary supervision of the animals was done before start of study.
Preliminary inspection of the eye: 24 hours before application of the test substance.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 20.5 - 23.5 °C
- Relative humidity: 45 - 60 %
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12 - Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- no
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.1 gram of the test substance were applied into the conjunctival sac of the left eye. Then both lids were briefly closed by gentle finger pressure. The other eye of each animal was not treated and acted as control. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- not applicable
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours p. appl., thereafter once daily 8duration of the observation period: 6 days p. appl.)
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 3 male rabbits
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): the treated eye was not rinsed.
SCORING SYSTEM: signs of irritation on the cornea, iris and conjunctiva were assessed quantitatively and qualitatively using the Draize scale. In addition, attention was paid to the occurrence of further reactions on the eye (e.g. corrosive effect) and to clinical symptoms (systemic toxic effects).
TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: the treated eye was examined using a Cliptrix pencil light (supplied by Varta, Hannover, No. 645). - Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 5 days
- Remarks on result:
- other: Discharge: amount different from normal at 1 and 24 hour observation.
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.33
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: Discharge: amount different from normal at 1 hour observation.
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- The single application of 0.1 gram silver chloride into one conjunctival sac each of three rabbits caused only slight changes on the conjunctiva.
The cornea and the iris were without any findings.
The conjunctiva of all animals reacted with hyperemia (grade 1) during the first observation day. Only in one rabbit the finding lasted up to day 5 of observation.
Slight discharge (grade 1) occurred in two animals on the first day of observation.
The untreated eyes did not show any changes. - Other effects:
- There were no systemic toxic effects after conjunctival application of the test substance.
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Remarks:
- Silver chloride is not irritating to the eyes.
- Conclusions:
- Silver chloride is not irritating to the eyes.
According to the EC-Commission directive 67/548/EEC and its subsequent amendments, the test substance is not classified as irritating to the eyes.
According to the EC-Regulation 1272/2008 and subsequent regulations, the test item is not classified as irritating to the eyes.
A pdf document including the calculation of mean irritation scores according to both guidelines is attached to this endpoint study record (please refer to "Attached background material" above).
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Respiratory irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Justification for classification or non-classification
Two reliable, guideline conform studies (OECD 404/405), documented under GLP principles, are available for silver chloride for skin and eye irritation/corrosion, respectively. All studies provide unequivocal negative results, i.e. showing that AgCl is not irritating or corrosive to skin or eyes. No hazard classification for these end-points is needed for AgCl.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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