Corn, steep liquor

Acute Toxicity: oral

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: oral

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1941

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study without detailed documentation, for a read-across substance.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

THE SINGLE DOSE TOXICITY OF SOME GLYCOLS AND DERIVATIVES

Author:

Smyth HF, Seaton J & Fischer L

Year:

1941

Bibliographic source:

Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, 23(6): 259-268

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 423 (Acute Oral toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method)

Version / remarks:

- equivalent or similar to OECD Guideline 401; reliability scoring based on 2001 guideline

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

- lack of details in experimental methods and results

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

- Study predates GLP requirements.

Test type:

acute toxic class method

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Lactic acid

EC Number:

200-018-0

EC Name:

Lactic acid

Cas Number:

50-21-5

Molecular formula:

C3H6O3

IUPAC Name:

2-hydroxypropanoic acid

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Lactic acid.

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

male

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Commercial breeders; not specified.
- Age at study initiation: Not reported.
- Weight at study initiation: 90 to 120 g.
- Fasting period before study: Not reported.
- Housing: Not reported.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): The animals received an adequate diet of Purina chows, supplemented by fresh vegetables. The diet was given in the afternoon.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Water (source not specified), ad libitum.
- Acclimation period: Not reported.


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): Not reported.
- Humidity (%): Not reported.
- Air changes (per hr): Not reported.
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): Not reported.

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

water

Details on oral exposure:

VEHICLE
- Concentration in vehicle: Not reported
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): Not reported
- Justification for choice of vehicle: Not reported


MAXIMUM DOSE VOLUME APPLIED: Not reported

Doses:

Maximum concentration of 5% (doses not specified).

No. of animals per sex per dose:

10 males per dose

Control animals:

no

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days.
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Not reported.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: No.
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight, organ weights, histopathology, other: Any victims whose death was inconsistent with the indications from others receiving the same substance was autopsied, and if found to be infected, it was not included in the calculations.

Statistics:

The data were calculated by the method of probits, described by Bliss (1935, 1938). No attempt was made to use adequate animals to obtain extreme precision in the LD50 figures, for the use to which such information is put seldom justifies extreme accuracy. The precision is indicated by the range of 95% probability listed in the tables.

Results and discussion

Preliminary study:

Not applicable.

Effect levels

Sex:

male

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

3.73 other: g/kg bw

95% CL:

3.02 - 4.61

Remarks on result:

other: Slope = 4.04

Mortality:

Not reported.

Clinical signs:

other: Not reported.

Gross pathology:

Not reported.

Other findings:

Not reported.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

not classified

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: other: CLP (EC 1272/2008)

Executive summary:

The work of this group pre-dates range finding toxicity guidelines and provided much of the basis for their development. Their results are cited by many subsequent authoritative review bodies and are often found in SIDS and SIAR documents via secondary references. Therefore, these results are deemed reliable.