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EC number: 232-395-2 | CAS number: 8013-75-0 A combination of amyl alcohols, primarily isoamyl alcohol and 2-methyl-1-butanol. Other alcohols, acids, esters and aldehydes may also be present.
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
NOEC (reproduction) = 9.6 mg/L (for Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 9.6 mg/L
Additional information
Studies on the long-term toxicity to invertebrates are available only for one of the four main constituents of Fusel oil.
The key study carried out with Ethanol (CAS No. 64-17-5), was not performed in accordance with a specific guideline. The test followed the basic methodology for the three brood test proposed by Mount and Norberg (1984). The principle of the test was to assess the effect of the test substance on the reproductive output of the daphnids. Therefore, Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia were exposed to the test substance.
Ceriodaphnia dubia were exposed in a semi-static system over a period of 7 d to different concentrations in a dose-response test. The NOEC based on reproduction was determined to be 9.6 mg/L (nominal). In addition, a very low NOEC of 2 mg/l was reported for the adult daphnids, but it was unclear what parameters are used for the determination of this NOEC, moreover as the reported LC50(7 d) for adult Ceriodaphnia was 1806 mg/L.
Daphnia magna were exposed in the same way as Ceriodaphnia dubia over a period of approximately 10 days in a semi-static dose-response test. Nevertheless the test duration is below that recommended in current guideline with a proposed test duration of 21 days, the test period is sufficient for the production of 3 broods of offspring. As for Ceriodaphnia, the NOEC (reproduction) for Daphnia magna is reported to be 9.6 mg/L.
Further supporting studies are available for Ethanol (CAS No. 64-17-5) on different freshwater and marine invertebrate species, and all indicate low chronic toxicity of the substances to invertebrates.
No studies on the long-term toxicity to invertebrates are available for 3-Methylbutan-1-ol (CAS No. 123-51-3), 2-Methylbutan-1-ol (CAS 137-32-6) and 2-Methylpropan-1-ol (CAS No. 78-83-1). However, the available data on acute toxicity show no effects of the tested substances on invertebrates. Thus, no long-term effects of the remaining three constituents of Fusel oil on invertebrates are expected.
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