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EC number: 232-395-2 | CAS number: 8013-75-0 A combination of amyl alcohols, primarily isoamyl alcohol and 2-methyl-1-butanol. Other alcohols, acids, esters and aldehydes may also be present.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: short-term
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Study period:
- 1984
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- This experimentally robust study involving 90 chemical species demonstrated the unpredictability of chemical toxicity to different animal species. However, whilst the methodology is robust, the 'dosage' is presented interms of concentration in a given area of substrate, and, whilst useful for comparative purposes, does not give usable data for risk characterisation purposes.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Relative Toxicities of Chemicals to the Earthworm Eisenia foetida.
- Author:
- Roberts, B.L., H.W. Dorough.
- Year:
- 1 984
- Bibliographic source:
- Environ Toxicol Chem 3(1):67-78.
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The study evaluated the toxicity to ethanol (and a large number of other chemicals) against earthworms by exposing them to concentrations of the chemical in a paper lined glass vial for 48 hours in the dark. The paper was dosed with the test substance before placing in the vial. Results expressed in quantity per unit area of the paper insert.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ethanol
- EC Number:
- 200-578-6
- EC Name:
- Ethanol
- Cas Number:
- 64-17-5
- Molecular formula:
- CH3CH2OH
- IUPAC Name:
- ethanol
- Details on test material:
- - Analytical purity: All chemicals tested in this study were of either technicalor analytical grade.
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test substrate
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- - Method of application to filter paper (if used): 1ml of aqueous solution of ethanol applied to the filter paper strip before placing in the tube. Concentration calculated to give appropriate dosing required (in this case
- Soil not used
- Controls: Yes
- Chemical name of vehicle: water
- Concentration of test substance in vehicle: 6.5mg/l to 65g/l to give an equivalent of 0.1 - 1000ug/cm2
- Evaporation of vehicle before use: No
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Eisenia fetida
- Animal group:
- annelids
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Source: Bert's Bait Farm, Irvine KY.
- Weight at test initiation: Mature worms with developed clitellum, weighing 370 to 450 mg were selected for exposure to test substances.
- Feeding: Cornmeal was added as an additional food source and calcium carbonate was added to prevent pH falling below 5.5.
- Housing: Nalgene boxes filled with moist peat moss and rabbit manure
OTHER:
- Temperature: 18 deg C.
Study design
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- filter paper
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Remarks:
- Dark exposure
Test conditions
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (material, size): Glass shell vials (22 mm x 85 mm) were lined with Whatman No. 1 filter paper strips (9.5 x 6.8 cm = 65cm2) and placed in cardboard scintillation vial trays. Chemical concentrations were expressed in microg/cm^2.
TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (material, size):
- Amount of soil or substrate:
- No. of organisms per container (treatment): 10. 100 used in total per concentration measured when split over replicates
- No. of replicates per treatment group: Replicates used but number not specified.
NO SOIL USED
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: Continual darkness
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Death as indicated by lack of response to gentle probing.
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: yes, plain water
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: logarithmic (decadic), 5 concentrations used over range 0.1 to 1000ug/cm2 substance loading on filter paper. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Remarks:
- , but 90 other solvents and pesticides also tested in study.
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 - < 1 000 other: microgram/cm^2 filter paper
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: calculated
- Duration:
- 48
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.1 - < 1 mg/cm²
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: calculated
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- LC50 was determined by the Litchfield-Wilcoxon log dose-effect probit transformation method.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- Regarded as moderately toxic (LC50 <1000 mg/square cm) in
this test by the authors.
- Executive summary:
In a study designed to evaluate the toxicity of ethanol (and a large number of other chemicals) to terrestrial macro-organisms, the earthworm Eisenia foetida was exposed to concentrations of the chemical loaded on to a filter paper lining a glass vial for 48 hours in the dark. The paper was dosed with the test substance before placing in the vial in the tube. Results were expressed in quantity per unit area of the paper insert and the result for ethanol was an LC50 of between 0.1 and 1.0mg/cm2. It is impossible to calculate this as a toxicity per kg of soil as the latter was not used in the study.
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