Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 300-212-6 | CAS number: 93924-19-7 Hollow ceramic spheres formed as a part of the ash in power stations burning pulverized coal. Composed primarily of the oxides of aluminium, iron and silicon and contain carbon dioxide and nitrogen within the sphere.
PBT assessment
Administrative data
PBT assessment: overall result
- Name:
- Boundary composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres
- Type of composition:
- boundary composition of the substance
- State / form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Reference substance:
- Boundary composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres
- Reference substance:
- Boundary composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres
- Reference substance:
- Boundary composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres
- Reference substance:
- Boundary composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres
- Reference substance:
- Boundary composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres
- Reference substance:
- Boundary composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres
- Reference substance:
- Boundary composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres
- Name:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, elemental composition
- Type of composition:
- legal entity composition of the substance
- State / form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Related composition:
- Boundary composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, elemental composition
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, elemental composition
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, elemental composition
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, elemental composition
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, elemental composition
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, elemental composition
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, elemental composition
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, elemental composition
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, elemental composition
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, elemental composition
- Name:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, mineralogical composition
- Type of composition:
- legal entity composition of the substance
- State / form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Related composition:
- Boundary composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, mineralogical composition
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, mineralogical composition
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, mineralogical composition
- Reference substance:
- Legal entity composition_Ashes (residues), cenospheres, mineralogical composition
- PBT status:
- PBT assessment does not apply
- Justification:
The PBT/vPvB criteria as set out in Annex XIII of the REACH Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 are not applicable to inorganic substances.
Persistence assessment
Ashes (residues), cenospheres are inorganic substances. The PBT and vPvB criteria of Annex XIII to the Regulation do not apply to inorganic substances. Based on the chemical nature of ashes (inorganic structure and chemical stability of the main compound: Si-O bond is highly stable), neither photo- or chemical degradation, nor biodegradation (due the absence of carbon atoms within the molecule) is expected. Therefore, degradation is considered negligible.
Bioaccumulation Assessment
The PBT and vPvB criteria of Annex XIII to the Regulation do not apply to inorganic substances. And it is not appropriate to apply classical concepts (e. g. use of bioconcentration factors; BCF -biomagnification factors; BMF) to an inorganic UVCB substance as they would be applied to organic substances. Due to the fact that ashes (residues), cenospheres are UVCBs no overall BCF can be determined, however considering the extremely low recovery rate of ash contents, experiences from toxicological investigations and based on the structure-related properties of the substance, bioavailability and therefore bioconcentration is not expected. Furthermore, the measured data for the related fly ashes shows also only an insignificant content of metals. The Bioaccumulation Factors (BAFs) are negligible, all BAF values for the measured heavy metals are below 1; the maximum BAF among metals was for zinc (mean = 0.343, range = 0.146 - 0.591 kg sediment (dry wt) / kg body weight (wet wt).
Toxicity Assessment
The PBT and vPvB criteria of Annex XIII to the Regulation do not apply to inorganic substances. From the ecotoxicity perspective the toxicity criterion is not met for ashes (residues), cenospheres with EC/LC50 of > 100 mg/L being clearly beyond the ecologically relevant EC or LC triggers of less than 0.1 mg/L. All data give comparable results for fish, invertebrates and aquatic plants. The substance is not classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic for reproduction nor is there any evidence of chronic toxicity, as identified by the classifications: T, R48, or Xn, R48 according to Directive 67/548/EEC.
Therefore, ashes (residues), cenospheres does not meet the T criterion.
Referenceopen allclose all
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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