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Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Description of key information

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin sensitisation

Link to relevant study records
Reference
Endpoint:
skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA)
Type of information:
migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
24 April 2010 to 06 May 2010
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: see 'Remark'
Remarks:
The study has been performed according to OECD and/or EC guidelines and according to GLP principles. According to the ECHA guidance document “Practical guide 6: How to report read-across and categories (Dec 2012)”, the reliability was changed from RL1 to RL2 to reflect the fact that this study was conducted on a read-across substance (CAS 7783-28-0).
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method B.42 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EPA OPPTS 870.2600 (Skin Sensitisation)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Type of study:
mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)
Species:
mouse
Strain:
CBA
Sex:
female
Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
TEST ANIMALS
- Source:
Preliminary irritation study: Charles River France, L’Arbresle Cedex, France.
Main study: Harlan, Horst, The Netherlands.
- Age at study initiation: Young adult animals (approx. 10 weeks old) were selected.
- Weight at study initiation: 17-22 gram.
- Housing: Individual housing in labeled Macrolon cages (MI type; height 12.5 cm) containing sterilized sawdust as bedding material (Litalabo, S.P.P.S., Argenteuil, France). Paper (Enviro-dri, Wm. Lillico & Son (Wonham Mill Ltd), Surrey, United Kingdom) was supplied as cage-enrichment.
The paper was removed on Day 1 prior to dosing and was supplied again after scoring of the ears on Day 3.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Free access to pelleted rodent diet (SM R/M-Z from SSNIFF® Spezialdiäten GmbH, Soest, Germany).
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Free access to tap water.
- Acclimatization period: at least 5 days before start of treatment under laboratory conditions.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 18.9 – 22.9ºC
- Humidity (%): 38 - 84%. Cleaning procedures in the room might have caused the temporary fluctuations above the optimal maximum level of 70% for relative humidity. Based on laboratory historical data, these fluctuations were considered not to have affected the study integrity.
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours artificial fluorescent light and 12 hours darkness per day

IN LIFE DATES: From: 24 April 2010 to 06 May 2010
Vehicle:
propylene glycol
Concentration:
0-10-25-50%
Positive control: 25% (Alpha-Hexylcinnamicaldehyde in propylene glycol)
No. of animals per dose:
5
Details on study design:
RANGE FINDING TESTS:
- The vehicle was selected based on trial formulations performed at NOTOX and on test substance data
supplied by the sponsor.
- A preliminary irritation study was conducted in order to select the highest test substance concentration to be used in the main study. In principle, this concentration should be well tolerated systemically by the animals and may give moderate irritation (maximally grade 2; see section 6.6) at the highest concentration. Two test substance concentrations were tested; a 25% and 50% concentration. The highest concentration was the maximum concentration as required in the test guidelines (undiluted for liquids, 50% for solids).
The test system, procedures and techniques were identical to those used during Days 1 to 3 of the main study unless otherwise specified. Two young adult animals were selected (8-14 weeks old). Each animal was treated with one concentration on three consecutive days. Approximately 3-4 hours after the last exposure, the irritation of the ears was assessed. Bodyweights were determined on Day 3. The animals were sacrificed after the final observation and no necropsy was performed.
- Lymph node proliferation response: Not determined in the preliminary irritation study.

MAIN STUDY
ANIMAL ASSIGNMENT AND TREATMENT
- Name of test method: Local Lymph Node Assay
- Criteria used to consider a positive response: DPM values are presented for each animal and for each dose group. A
Stimulation Index (SI) is calculated for each group. The SI is the ratio of the DPM/group compared to DPM/vehicle control group.
If the results indicate a SI ≥ 3, the test substance may be regarded as a skin sensitizer, based on the test guideline and
recommendations done by ICCVAM. The results were evaluated according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification
and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) of the United Nations (2007) and the Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on classification, labeling and packaging of substances and mixtures.
Consideration was given to the EC3 value (the estimated test substance concentration that will give a SI =3).

TREATMENT PREPARATION AND ADMINISTRATION:
The test substance formulations (w/w) were prepared within 4 hours prior to each treatment. No adjustment was made for
specific gravity of the vehicle. Homogeneity was obtained to visually acceptable levels.

Three groups of five animals were treated with one test substance concentration per group. The highest test substance
concentration was selected from the preliminary irritation study. One group of five animals was treated with vehicle and another group of five animals was treated with a positive control substance..

Induction - Days 1, 2 and 3
The dorsal surface of both ears was epidermally treated (25 μL/ear) with the test substance concentration, at approximately the same time per day. The concentrations were mixed thoroughly using a vortex mixer immediately prior to dosing. The vehicle and positive control animals were treated the same as the experimental animals, except that the vehicle and/or positive control substance was administered instead of the test substance.

Excision of the nodes - Day 6
All animals: Each animal was injected via the tail vein with 0.25 mL of sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) containing 20 μCi of 3H-methyl thymidine (PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences, Boston, MA, US). After approximately five hours, all animals were killed by intraperitoneal injection with Euthasol® 20% (AST Farma BV, Oudewater, The Netherlands). The draining (auricular) lymph node of each ear was excised. The relative size of the nodes (as compared to normal) was estimated by visual examination and abnormalities of the nodes and surrounding area were recorded. The nodes were pooled for each animal in approximately 3 mL PBS.

Tissue processing for radioactivity - Day 6
A single cell suspension of lymph node cells (LNC) was prepared in PBS by gentle separation through stainless steel gauze (diameter 125 μm). LNC were washed twice with an excess of PBS by centrifugation at 200g for 10 minutes at 4ºC. To precipitate the DNA, the LNC were exposed to 5% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) stored in the refrigerator until the next day.

Radioactivity measurements - Day 7
Precipitates were recovered by centrifugation, resuspended in 1 mL TCA and transferred to 10 mL of Ultima Gold cocktail (PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences, Boston, MA, US) as the scintillation fluid. Radioactive measurements were performed using a Packard scintillation counter (2800TR). Counting time was to a statistical precision of ± 0.2% or a maximum of 5 minutes whichever came first. The scintillation counter was programmed to automatically subtract background and convert Counts Per Minute (CPM) to Disintegrations Per Minute (DPM).

Observations:
Mortality/Viability: Twice daily.
Toxicity: At least once daily.
Body weights: On Days 1 (pre-treatment) and 6.
Necropsy: No necropsy was performed according to protocol.
Irritation: On Day 3 (3-4 hours after treatment), the skin reactions were assessed. Skin reactions were graded according to the
numerical scoring system described in 'Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables'. Furthermore descriptions of
all other (local) effects were recorded.
Positive control substance(s):
hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (CAS No 101-86-0)
Statistics:
Not performed
Positive control results:
A mean DPM/animal value of 5370 DPM was obtained from the positive control group.

The six-month reliability check with Alpha-hexylcinnamicaldehyde indicates that the Local Lymph Node Assay as performed at
NOTOX is an appropriate model for testing for contact hypersensitivity. See attached document 'Reliability check'.
Key result
Parameter:
SI
Value:
0.7
Test group / Remarks:
10%
Key result
Parameter:
SI
Value:
1.1
Test group / Remarks:
25%
Key result
Parameter:
SI
Value:
1.1
Test group / Remarks:
50%
Key result
Parameter:
other: disintegrations per minute (DPM)
Value:
464
Test group / Remarks:
10%
Key result
Parameter:
other: disintegrations per minute (DPM)
Value:
740
Test group / Remarks:
25%
Key result
Parameter:
other: disintegrations per minute (DPM)
Value:
718
Test group / Remarks:
50%

Preliminary irritation study:

The results of the epidermal exposures for the selection of highest test substance concentration to be tested in the main study are described in Table 1 of the attached document 'Figures and tables'. Based on these results, the highest test substance concentration selected for the main study was a 50% concentration.

Main study(see Table 2 of attached document 'Figures and tables'):

No irritation of the ears was observed in any of the animals examined. All positive control animals showed slight to well-defined erythema. No oedema was observed in any of the animals examined.

All auricular lymph nodes of the animals of the experimental and control groups were considered normal in size, except for one or both lymph nodes of one animal at 25% (no. 12) and one animal at 50% (no. 19). The auricular lymph nodes of the positive control group were all enlarged. No macroscopic abnormalities of the surrounding area were noted in any of the animals.

Body weights and body weight gain of experimental animals remained in the same range as controls over the study period. The slight body weight loss, noted in some animals, was considered not toxicologically significant.

No mortality occurred and no symptoms of systemic toxicity were observed in the animals of the main study.

Interpretation of results:
not sensitising
Remarks:
Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
Conclusions:
Since there was no indication that the test substance elicits an SI ≥ 3 when tested up to 50%, Diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate was considered not to be a skin sensitizer. It was established that the EC3 value (the estimated test substance concentration that will give a SI =3) (if any) exceeds 50%.
Based on these results Diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate would not be regarded as skin sensitizer according to the recommendations made in the test guidelines and does not have to be classified and has no obligatory labeling requirement for sensitization by skin contact according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) of the United Nations (2007) and the Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 on classification, labeling and packaging of substances and mixtures.
Endpoint conclusion
Endpoint conclusion:
no adverse effect observed (not sensitising)
Additional information:

Data on skin sensitisation of triple superphosphate is not available. The assessment of skin sensitisation was therefore based on a study conducted with a reference substance as part of a read across approach, which is in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006, Annex XI, 1.5. Structural similarities and similarities in properties and/or activities of the source and target substance are the basis of read-across. A detailed justification for the read-across approach is provided in the technical dossier (see IUCLID Section 13) and within Chapter 5.1 of the CSR.

No reliable study with triple superphosphate is present. In a reliable skin sensitisation study, the LLNA test, performed according to OECD 429, EC B42 and EPA guidelines, diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate does not show sensitising properties.

Migrated from Short description of key information:

No reliable study with triple superphosphate itself was present, however a reliable LLNA study showed no sensitisation of diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate.

Justification for selection of skin sensitisation endpoint:

Hazard assessment is conducted by means of read-across based on a category approach. The selected study is the most adequate and reliable study based on the identified similarities in structure and intrinsic properties between source and target substance and overall quality assessment (refer to the endpoint discussion for further details).

Respiratory sensitisation

Endpoint conclusion
Endpoint conclusion:
no study available
Additional information:

Justification for selection of respiratory sensitisation endpoint:

Study not required according to Annex VII-X of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on the available data, triple superphosphate does not have to be classified according to Directive 67/548/EC and the CLP Regulation for skin sensitisation.