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1,2-Dichloroethane is a clear, colorless, oily liquid at 20°C. It has a melting point of -36°C and a boiling point of 83.6°C. Its density is 1.2455 g/cm3 at 25°C and it has a vapour pressure of 10247 Pa at 25°C. 1,2- Dichloroethane has a viscosity of 0.829 mPa.s at 20°C. Undiluted 1,2 -dichloroethane has a surface tension of 32.45 dynes/cm at 20°C and 31.75 dynes/cm at 25°C.

1,2-Dichloroethane has a flash point of 13°C. Based on this flash point and its boiling point of 83.6°C, 1,2-dichloroethane is classified as highly flammable (F, R11) according to 67/548/EEC and flammable liquid cat.2 (H 225) according to 2008/1272/EC (CLP, GHS). The self-ignition temperature is 440°C. In addtion, experience in handling and use show that the substance is not flammable on contact with water and has no pyrophoric properties. Based on its structure 1,2-dichloroethane has no explosive properties and no oxidising properties and is thus not classified for these properties. Due to a lack of relevant functional groups, the dissociation constant is irrelevant for 1,2-dichloroethane.