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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Environmental fate & pathways

Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles

Data source

Referenceopen allclose all

Reference Type:
review article or handbook
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
1980
Report date:
1980
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
1980
Report date:
1980

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
no guideline followed
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Tracer Study (14C-labeled solution)
GLP compliance:
not specified

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
1,2-dichloroethane
EC Number:
203-458-1
EC Name:
1,2-dichloroethane
Cas Number:
107-06-2
Molecular formula:
C2H4Cl2
IUPAC Name:
1,2-dichloroethane
Details on test material:
radiolabelled material was received from New England Nuclear, Boston, USA and was held under refrigerated conditions until used. The position of the radiolabelled atom was 1,2-14C, molecular weight was 98.96.
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
no data available
Radiolabelling:
yes

Sampling and analysis

Details on sampling:
Control water: 0 and 28 days
concentration of radiolabelled 1,2.dichloroethane in water: 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days of exposure
accumulation of radiolabelled 1,2.dichloroethane by bluegill: 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days of exposure
and on day 1, 2, 4 and 7 of depuration for analysis of whole body residues

Test solutions

Vehicle:
no
Details on preparation of test solutions, spiked fish food or sediment:
The stock solution was prepared by transferring the contents of the sealed vials to a laboratory flask and diluted with 200 mL of pesticide grade acetone. Nominal concentration was 100 µg/L.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):
Lepomis macrochirus
Details on test organisms:
Three populations of bluegill sunfish were maintained in the holding facilities for a minimum of 30 days prior to initiation of the test (source: commercial fish farmer in Connecticut, USA). Mean wet weights of fish were 0.37 +/- 0.18 to 0.94 +/- 0.34 and mean standard lengths ranging from 25 +/- 3mm to 32 +/- 4mm. Fish mortality was less than 3% during the acclimation period. One hundred bluegills were transferred intoo each aquarium. The fish were fed a dry pelleted food ad libitum on alternating days throughout the study and fecal material was siphoned from the aquaria when deemed necessary.

Study design

Route of exposure:
aqueous
Test type:
flow-through
Water / sediment media type:
natural water: freshwater
Total exposure / uptake duration:
14 d
Total depuration duration:
7 d

Test conditions

Hardness:
35 mg/L as CACO3
Test temperature:
16 °C +/- 1 °C
pH:
7.1
Dissolved oxygen:
> 60 % of saturation
TOC:
no data available
Salinity:
no data available
Details on test conditions:
Glass aquaria measuring 40 by 20 by 25 (length by with by height); test aquaria were maintained in a water bath (ambient temperature, 16+/- 1°C); water temperature was measured daily; due to the high volatility of the chemicals aeration of the aquaria water was not used; dissolved oxygen concentration was measured periodically during the study. A chemical introduction system, comprised of an injectormechanism and a 50 mL gas tight glass syringe, was calibrated to introduce the desired volume of stock solution. To initiate the test, the syringe containing 50 mL of stock solution was positioned so that with each cycling of the diluter, the calibrated volume of stock (52 µL) was thoroughly mixed with 500 mL of diluent water upon introduction to the test aquarium (flow through system).
Nominal and measured concentrations:
95.7 µg/l
Reference substance (positive control):
not specified
Details on estimation of bioconcentration:
Exposure period was continuos until apparent equilibrium between concentrations in the fish tissue and the exposure water was observed. Following the observation, the remaining fish were transferred into an aquarium through which test item free well water flowed at a rate equivalent to that during exposure. This depuration period was continued for 7 days so that the half life could be determined.

Results and discussion

Bioaccumulation factor
Key result
Conc. / dose:
95.7 µg/L
Temp.:
ca. 16 °C
Type:
BCF
Value:
2 dimensionless
Basis:
whole body w.w.
Time of plateau:
14 d
Calculation basis:
steady state
Depuration
Key result
Elimination:
yes
Parameter:
DT50
Depuration time (DT):
2 d
Details on kinetic parameters:
no data available
Metabolites:
no data available
Results with reference substance (positive control):
no data available
Details on results:
no data available
Reported statistics:
no data available

Any other information on results incl. tables

BCF related to whole fish; t1/2 (tissue) >1-<2 days.

Measured and calculated BCFs of 2 and 3.4 (logBCF = 0.3 and 0.53, respectively) have been reported.

The equation log BCF = 0.76 x logP - 0.23 is proposed for the estimation of the bioconcentration factor from the partition coefficient
.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Conclusions:
As a total result of the study, the BCF of 1,2-dichloroethane can be stated with BCF = 2
Executive summary:

A study to determine the bioconcentration of 1,2 -dichloroethane in bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) was conducted with the nominal concentration of 100 µg test item/L under flow-through conditions using 14C labelled material. An untreated control was run in parallel. The uptake phase was 14 days, the depuration phase lasted 7 days. Fish and water samples were taken at the same time and analysed for radioactivity and 1,2 -dichlorethane to derive the uptake and depuration constants as wellas the bioconcentration factor in the state of equilibrium between uptake and elimination.