1,2-dichloroethane

Endpoint summary

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin sensitisation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

March-April 2010

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.42 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Type of study:

mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)

Species:

mouse

Strain:

CBA

Sex:

female

Details on test animals and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Janvier, Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France
- Age at study initiation: 9 weeks old for the main test and 11 weeks old for the preliminary test
- Weight at study initiation: 21.2 +/- 0.9 g
- Housing: the animals were housed individually in disposable crystal polystyrene cages (22.00 cm x 8.50 cm x 8.00 cm).
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): SSNIFF R/M-H pelleted maintenance diet (SSNIFF Spezialdiäten GmbH, Soest, Germany)
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): tap water (filtered usingi a 0.22 µm filter)
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days before the beginning of the study.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 +/- 2°C
- Humidity (%): 30 to 70%
- Air changes (per hr): 12 cycles/hour
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 h/ 12 h

IN-LIFE DATES: From: 07 April 2010 To: 23 April 2010

Vehicle:

acetone/olive oil (4:1 v/v)

Concentration:

25, 50 and 100%.

No. of animals per dose:

4 females per dose.

Details on study design:

PRELIMINARY TEST:
- Concentrations: 10, 25, 50 and 100%
- Irritation: no irritation whatever the concentration applied

MAIN STUDY
- Criteria used to consider a positive response: Stimulation Index > 3

Positive control substance(s):

hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (CAS No 101-86-0)

Positive control results:

A significant lymphoproliferation was noted in the positive control group given HCA at 25%. The study was therefore considered valid.

Key result

Parameter:

SI

Value:

0.46

Test group / Remarks:

25%

Key result

Parameter:

SI

Value:

0.86

Test group / Remarks:

50%

Key result

Parameter:

SI

Value:

2.16

Test group / Remarks:

100%

Key result

Parameter:

SI

Value:

6.65

Test group / Remarks:

Positive control (HCA)

Parameter:

other: disintegrations per minute (DPM)

Remarks on result:

other: see Remark

Remarks:

DPM per group: Group 1: vehicle: 1150.47 Group 2: test item 25%: 526.98 Group 3: test item 50%: 990.73 Group 4: test item 100%: 2484.29 Group 5: HCA 25%: 7650.27 DPM per node: Group 1: vehicle: 143.81 Group 2: test item 25%: 65.87 Group 3: test item 50%: 123.84 Group 4: test item 100%: 310.54 Group 5: HCA 25%: 956.28

Interpretation of results:

not sensitising

Remarks:

Migrated information

Conclusions:

Under the experimental conditions of this study, the test item, 1,2-dichloroethane, (batch No. R1104 du 17/02/2010), did not induce delayed contact hypersensitivity in the murine Local Lymph Node Assay.

Executive summary:

The potential of the test item, 1,2-dichloroethane, to induce delayed contact hypersensitivity, was evaluated using the murine Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA). Evaluation of local irritation was also carried out in parallel.

 

Methods

 

A preliminary test was first performed in order to define the concentrations of test item to be used in the main test.

In the main test, twenty female CBA/J mice were allocated to five groups:

·          three treated groups of four animals receiving the test item at the concentration of 25, 50 or 100% in a mixture acetone/olive oil (4/1; v/v) (vehicle),

·          one negative control group of four animals receiving the vehicle,

·          one positive control group of four animals receiving the reference item, a-hexylcinnamaldehyde (HCA), a moderate sensitizer, at the concentration of 25% in the vehicle.

 

During the induction phase, the test item, vehicle or reference item was applied over the ears (25 µL per ear) for 3 consecutive days (days 1, 2 and 3). After 2 days of resting, the proliferation of lymphocytes in the lymph node draining the application site was measured by incorporation of tritiated methyl thymidine (day 6). The obtained values were used to calculate Stimulation Indices (SI).

 

The irritant potential of the test item was assessed in parallel by measurement of ear thickness on days 1, 2, 3 and 6.

 

Results

 

The test item was soluble in the first recommended vehicle, acetone/olive oil (4/1, v/v).A solution was obtained at the maximum tested concentration of 50%.

 

Consequently, the concentrations selected for the preliminary test were 10, 25, 50 and 100%.

 

Since the test item was non-irritant in the preliminary test, the highest concentration retained for the main test was the maximal practicable concentration (100%).

 

Neither mortality nor clinical signs were observed during the study.

 

No cutaneous reactions and no notable increase in ear thickness were observed in the animals of the treated groups.

 

A significant lymphoproliferation was noted in the positive control group given HCA at 25%. The study was therefore considered valid.

No notable lymphoproliferation was noted at any tested concentration.

 

The results are presented in the following table:

 

Treatment	Concentration (%)	Irritation level	Stimulation Index (SI)
Test item	25	non-irritant	0.46
Test item	50	non-irritant	0.86
Test item	100	non-irritant	2.16
HCA	25	-	6.65

 

Conclusion

Under the experimental conditions of this study, the test item, 1,2-dichloroethane, (batch No. R1104 du 17/02/2010), did not induce delayed contact hypersensitivity in the murine Local Lymph Node Assay.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not sensitising)

Additional information:

The potential of EDC to induce delayed contact hypersensitivity, was evaluated in the murine Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA, OECD 429) (Rokh, 2010). This study is a well-conducted LLNA according to OECD guideline and under GLP. Since EDC was non-irritant in the preliminary test, the highest concentration retained for the main test was the maximal practicable concentration (100%). In the main test, neither mortality nor clinical signs were observed. No cutaneous reactions and no notable increase in ear thickness were observed in the animals of the treated groups. The SI (Stimulation Index) were 0.46, 0.86 and 2.16 for the following EDC concentrations: 25 %, 50 % and 100%. Therefore, ethylene dichloride was not a sensitiser in the LLNA.

Justification for classification or non-classification

According to EU directive 67/548/EEC and EU Regulation (EC) N0. 1272/2008 (CLP), the substance is not classified for skin sensitisation.