Spent liquor from alkaline pulping and bleaching containing spent inorganic process chemicals and dissolved organic substances originating from the cellulosic raw material.

Guidance on Safe Use

First-aid measures

General information:There are adequate first aid/medical facilities, trained personnel and equipment, including first aid response capabilities. The emergency eyewash and shower are inspected regularly. The provisions and procedures are under the Company’s management system and also under authorities' surveillance.The precautions in case of accident are:Inhalation of gases: -Provide fresh air, warmth and rest, preferably in comfortable upright sitting position. Get medical attention if any discomfort continues.  Skin contact: -Remove immediately contaminated clothing and shoes. Rinse immediately with plenty of water. Contact physician.  Eye contact: -Rinse immediately with plenty of water. Hold eyelids apart. Contact physician. Ingestion: -Rinse the mouth with water. Drink a few glasses of water. Do not induce vomiting. Contact physician.  

Fire-fighting measures

The material is combustible.There are provisions and procedures in place for fire emergency situations under the Company’s management system. There are appropriate fire fighting equipment including manual extinguishing equipment under management and authority surveillance and inspections (water, foam, dry chemicals or carbon dioxide). There are emergency evacuation procedures, training and fire drills are undertaken regularly. The full procedures and responsible persons are described in the emergency preparedness plan. The fire extinguishers are inspected regularly. There is cooperation and surveillance of the plant operations by the local fire department/ corresponding authorities. Self contained breathing apparatus and a protection suit are required for fire fighting.

Accidental release measures

There are provisions and procedures in place for emergency situations, which are based on a risk assessment conducted to assess all known and potential hazards and under the Company’s management system.During accidental situations procedures are in place to contain the intermediate within the process buildings / site. Accidental spillage is collected in sumps. These sumps are directed to weak liquor storage tank if it contains chemicals (e.g. black liquor) and reused in the process. If the sumps do not contain chemicals, determined by a conductivity threshold value (or equivalent), these flows can be directed to the effluent or reused in the process. There are procedures in place also to inform people living in the surroundings and authorities of process disturbances and other special situations such as temporary process shut downs.Environmental precautions:-Accidental spillage inside building is collected in sumps and pumped into adequate part of the system. in order to prevent emissions to the environment. Methods for cleaning up:-Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water. Other precautions:-Avoid reactions with acids. The substance liberates very toxic and flammable H2S gas in contact with acids.

Handling and storage

The processes are closed. The intermediate is manufactured and consumed (turned into another substance) during its whole life cycle under strictly controlled conditions.For loading and unloading, maintenance and emergency situations where limited exposure could potentially exist there are specific guidance and procedures, cf. Exposure controls / personal protection, Material Safety Data Sheets available for staff. The staff is trained to a level pertinent to their post in all relevant operations of the plant and equipment at the site under the Company’s management system.There are specific provisions and procedures in place for certain tasks: working with certain chemicals, hot work, working in ATEX premises, maintenance of pressurized equipment, working inside tanks, tunnels and pits, working in high places.There are safety signs and labelling in chemical tanks and certain areas.The handling and storage of chemicals is under surveillance of the authorities.

Transport information

Land transport (UN RTDG/ADR/RID)

UN number:

3267 Corrosive liquid, basic organic, n.o.s.

Shipping

Labels:

8

SpecialProvisions

Inland waterway transport (UN RTDG/ADN(R))

UN number:

3267 Corrosive liquid, basic organic, n.o.s.

Shipping

Labels:

8

Remarks

Marine transport (UN RTDG/IMDG)

UN number:

3267 Corrosive liquid, basic organic, n.o.s.

Shipping information

Proper shipping name and description:

Corrosive liquid, basic organic, n.o.s. (Black liquor)

Chemical name:

Black liquor

Labels:

8

Remarks

Air transport (UN RTDG/ICAO/IATA)

UN number:

3267 Corrosive liquid, basic organic, n.o.s.

Shipping information

Proper shipping name and description:

Corrosive liquid, basic organic, n.o.s. (Black liquor)

Chemical name:

Black liquor

Labels:

Label 8

Remarks

Additional transport information

Additional information

Special provisions / remarks / other:

Do not allow contacts with acids.-pH lowering may cause release of hydrogen sulphide, which is a toxic and flammable gas.-pH lowering may cause release of acetic acid.

Exposure controls / personal protection

The processes are closed. The intermediate is manufactured and consumed (turned into another substance) during its whole life cycle under strictly controlled conditions. Thus there is no significant human or environmental exposure during normal and maintenance related operations.Exposure control elements in place include:- Continuous monitoring of operations and processes, as well as environment automatically and by chemical and physical analysis and site inspections and walk through in operational premises-Emergency preparedness procedures, e.g. emergency preparedness plan under the Company’s management system-Employee training procedures under the Company’s management system-Employee health checks and other health care services-Surveillance of the Company’s operations by environmental and chemical authorities-Security and control of access into the siteRisk management measures implemented to minimise any exposure include:-In case of handling substance Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as chemical resistant protective gloves and clothing, eye/face protection and appropriate mask respirator (Type B, if necessary) needs to be used.-As the substance is corrosive, process equipment are checked regularly-Additionally good ventilation of working spaces is provided.-Stationary hydrogen sulphide (H2S) measuring devices are installed in areas of H2S hazard or personal measuring device can be used-Measurement for hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is performed before work is conducted with equipments (tanks, etc.).-Personal H2S measuring devices is carried during work inside process equipment (e.g. during maintenance) and handling Sulfamic acid that is used to remove scaling

Stability and reactivity

The substance is stable at normal circumstances.Contact with acids liberates toxic and flammable gas (hydrogen sulfide). The substance is corrosive to several metals.

Disposal considerations

Under normal operation no amount of the substance is generated that would require disposal considerations. If disposal is required, the substance shall be desposed as hazardous chemical waste.