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Guidance on Safe Use

Guidance on Safe Use

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Administrative data

First-aid measures

1. Preamble

1.1. Indications on Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for the professional user about guidance on safe use of petroleum products, in all its aspects, should take into account that applicable legislation and general accepted practices for the management of industrial routine activities or emergencies, as well as company operating procedures, already compose a background which indicates which general actions are necessary/mandatory, advisable or unadvisable in such cases. An extensive recapitulation of all this background information will not necessarily add information value to a SDS, and may actually decrease the readability of the document, especially in an emergency. Therefore the indications meant for actual inclusion in SDSs can be focused (although not necessarily limited) to:-  Product specific issues (i.e. special hazards or characteristics)-  Key Actions (or group of actions) that are applicable in the specific case1.2. The actual level of detail of information and its phrasing in individual SDSs may reflect local or national conventions or requirements, or company policies, but without infringing on the consistency with the information submitted hereunder. Also, more stringent national or local legal requirements or conventions will take precedence over the guidance provided in this document.

2. Warning before intervention 2.1.  Contact with hot product may cause severe thermal burns.2.2. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) can accumulate in the headspace of storage tanks and reach potentially hazardous concentrations.

3. Inhalation 3.1. Symptoms: Exposure to hot fumes may cause: eye irritation, nose irritation, throat irritation, respiratory tract irritation, headache, nausea, nervousness.3.2. Move to well-ventilated area. 3.3. Monitor for respiratory distress, administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. 3.4. Check vital signs regularly and act accordingly.3.5. If there is any suspicion of inhalation of H2S:- Rescuers must wear breathing apparatus, belt and safety rope, and follow rescue procedures.- Remove casualty to fresh air as quickly as possible.- Immediately begin artificial respiration if breathing has ceased.- Provision of oxygen may help.- Obtain medical advice for further treatment.

4. Skin Contact 4.1. Symptoms: Exposure to hot product may cause thermal burns. 4.2. Do not remove contaminated clothing adhered to the skin or hot product at the scene. 4.3 Plunge into cold water for 10-15 min and rinse the skin with 10% dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DS) afterwards if available. 4.4 Transport to a clinic or emergency room. 4.5 If product is to be removed at clinic, remove with mineral or edible oil. 4.6 Transport to emergency medical facility in case a band around an extremity is created that could be constricting.

5. Eye Contact 5.1. Symptoms: Exposure to hot fumes may cause severe irritation of eyes and mucous membranes. 5.2. Remove contact lenses. 5.3 Irrigate exposed eyes with 0.9% normal saline if available or water for at least 15 minutes. 5.4 Irrigate before and after removing the lenses to prevent a carry-over of the substances to the shielded area of the lens.

6. Ingestion/ Aspiration 6.1. Symptoms: few or no symptoms expected.  If any, slight nausea might occur.6.2. Do not induce vomiting. Ask for medical advice. 6.3. Aspiration: not applicable due to the physical state of oxidized asphalt.

Fire-fighting measures

1. Product specific hazards and other issues1.1. Contact of hot product with water will result in a violent expansion as the water turns to steam.  This may cause splashing of hot product, or damage to, or complete loss of the tank roof.1.2. Respiratory problems or nausea by excessive exposure to hot product fumes.2. Extinguishing Media - Foam (Specifically trained personnel only)- Water fog (Specifically trained personnel only)- Dry chemical powder- Carbon dioxide- Other inert gases (subject to regulations)- Sand or earth3. Unsuitable Extinguishing Media3.1. Do not use direct water jets on the burning product; they could cause splattering and spread the fire.3.2. Simultaneous use of foam and water on the same surface is to be avoided as water destroys the foam.4. Combustion Products4.1. Incomplete combustion is likely to give rise to a complex mixture of airborne solid and liquid particulates and gases, including carbon monoxide, H2S, SOx (sulfur oxides) or sulfuric acid and unidentified organic and inorganic compounds.5. Protective Equipment for Firefighters5.1. In case of a large fire or in confined or poorly ventilated spaces wear full fire resistant protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) with a full face-piece operated in positive pressure mode.

Accidental release measures

1. General information1.1.  Stop or contain leak at the source, if safe to do so.  Avoid direct contact with released material.  Stay upwind. In case of large spillages, alert occupants in downwind areas.1.2. Keep non-involved personnel away from the area of spillage. Alert emergency personnel.  Except in case of small spillages, the feasibility of any actions should always be assessed and advised, if possible, by a trained, competent person in charge of managing the emergency.1.3. It is recommended to eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so (e.g. electricity, sparks, fires, flares).1.4. When the presence of dangerous amounts of H2S around the spilled product is suspected or proved, additional or special actions may be warranted, including access restrictions, use of special protection equipment, procedures and personnel training.1.5. If required, notify relevant authorities according to all applicable regulations. 2. Personal protection equipment for emergency responders2.1. Small spillages: normal working coveralls are usually adequate. Large spillages: full body suit of chemically resistant and thermal resistant material should be used.2.2. Work gloves (preferably gauntlets) providing adequate chemical resistance. Note: gloves made of PVA are not water-resistant, and are not suitable for emergency use.If contact with hot product is anticipated, gloves should be heat-resistant and thermally insulated.2.3. Work helmet with neck cloth. Antistatic non-skid safety shoes or boots, heat resistant.2.4. Goggles and/or face shield, if contact with eyes or splashes are anticipated.2.5.  Respiratory protection: a half or full-face respirator with filter(s) for organic vapours/H2S, or a Self-contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) can be used according to the extent of spill and predictable amount of exposure.  If the situation cannot be completely assessed, or if an oxygen deficiency is possible, only SCBA’s should be used3. Spillages onto land3.1. Leaks and spillages will consist of molten hot material.. Risk of severe burns.3.2. Prevent product from entering sewers, rivers or other bodies of water. Note: solidified product may clog drains and sewers.3.3. If necessary dike the product with earth, sand or similar non-combustible materials.3.4. Let hot material cool naturally.  If necessary, cautiously use water fog to help the cooling. Do not play direct jets of foam or water on the spilled molten product, as this may cause splattering3.5. When inside buildings or confined spaces, ensure adequate ventilation.3.6. Collect solidified product with suitable mechanical means (e.g. shovels). 3.7. Transfer collected product to suitable containers for recycle, recovery or safe disposal. 4. Spillages on water or at sea4.1. In case of spillages in the water, the product will cool down rapidly and become solid. The solid product is denser than water and will slowly sink to the bottom, and usually no intervention will be feasible. 4.2. If possible, contain the product.  Collect the product and contaminated materials with mechanical means.4.3. Transfer recovered product and other materials to suitable tanks or containers and store/dispose of according to relevant regulations. 5. Additional information5.1. Note: recommended measures are based on the most likely spillage scenarios for this material; however, local conditions (wind, air temperature, wave/current direction and speed) may significantly influence the choice of appropriate actions.  For this reason, local experts should be consulted when necessary.  Local regulations may also prescribe or limit actions to be taken.5.2. H2S in tank headspaces may reach hazardous values, especially in case of prolonged storage. This situation is especially relevant for those operations which involve direct exposure to the vapours in the tank.5.3. Spillages of limited amounts of products, especially in the open air when vapours will be usually quickly dispersed, are dynamic situations, which are not likely to entail exposure to dangerous concentrations.  As H2S has a density greater than ambient air, a possible exception may be the build-up of dangerous concentrations in specific spots, like trenches, depressions or confined spaces.  In all these circumstances, however, the correct actions should be assessed on a case-by-case basis.

Handling and storage

1. General Information1.1. Ensure that all relevant regulations regarding handling and storage facilities for these products are followed.1.2. Avoid contact of hot bitumen products with water. Risk of splashing of hot material.1.3. Avoid contact with the hot product.1.4. A specific assessment of inhalation risks from the presence of H2S in tank headspaces, confined spaces, product residue, tank waste and waste water, and unintentional releases must be made to help determine controls appropriate to local circumstances. 1.5. Do not exceed maximum handling and storage temperatures, refer to attachment in this section “Updated Eurobitume Technical Guidance on Maximum Safe Handling Temperatures for Bitumen (Paving and Industrial)” The current recommended maximum temperatures for bitumen & Air-Rectified bitumen are 200°C and for Severely Oxidised bitumen 230°C, respectively. Use above these temperatures is advised against. 2. Handling 2.1. Ground/bond containers, tanks and transfer/receiving equipment2.2. Do not breathe fumes from hot product. Avoid skin contact with fumes or surfaces where fumes may have condensed.2.3. Use adequate personal protective equipment as required. For more information regarding protective equipment see section "Exposure controls/personal protection"3. Storage3.1. Storage area layout, tank design, equipment and operating procedures must comply with the relevant European, national or local legislation.3.2. Storage installations should be designed with adequate bunds in case of leaks or spills. 3.3. Cleaning, inspection and maintenance of internal structure of storage tanks must be done only by properly equipped and qualified personnel as defined by national, local or company regulations.3.4. Before entering storage tanks and commencing any operation in a confined area, check the atmosphere for oxygen content, hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and flammability. Use adequate personal protective equipment as needed.3.5. Selfheating leading to auto ignition at the surfaces of porous or fibrous materials impregnated with oils or bitumens, can occur at temperatures as low as 100°C. Oil and bitumen contamination of thermal insulation materials and the accumulation of oily rags or similar material near hot surfaces, should therefore be avoided, and lagging should be replaced where necessary by a nonabsorbent type of insulation..3.6. Deposits (carbonaceous materials and iron sulphides) can develop on the internal walls and roofs of tanks in case of long term storage.  These deposits may be pyrophoric and self-ignite in contact with the air.3.7. Store separately from oxidising agents.4. Recommended and Unsuitable Materials for Storage4.1. Recommended materials: For containers, or container linings use mild steel, stainless steel. 4.2. Unsuitable materials:  Most synthetic materials are unsuitable for containers or container linings, due to low heat resistance.  5. Container AdviceIf the product is supplied in containers:5.1. Keep only in the original container or in a suitable container for this kind of product5.2. Hot bitumen must never be filled into containers without first checking that the container is completely dry.5.3. Empty containers may contain combustible product residues. Do not weld, solder, drill, cut or incinerate empty containers, unless they have been properly cleaned.6. Hygiene measures6.1. Ensure that proper housekeeping measures are in place.6.2. Contaminated materials should not be allowed to accumulate in the workplaces and should never be kept inside the pockets.6.3. Keep away from food and beverages.6.4. Do not eat, drink or smoke while using this product.6.5. Wash the hands thoroughly after handling.6.6. Do not use solvents or other products with a defatting effect on the skin.

Transport information

Land transport (UN RTDG/ADR/RID)

UN number:
UN 3257 applies when transported at or above 100°C but below its flash point.
Select a UN number according to the classification rules in ADR/RID Part 2 2 - classification and the Dangerous Goods List in Table A 3.2
Shipping information
Proper shipping name and description:
ELEVATED TEMPERATURE LIQUID, N.O.S. (for generic and N.OS. entries the technical name shall be entered in brackets immediately following the proper shipping name, see ADR/RID 3.1.2.8)
Chemical name:
See EC / CAS name listed in Concawe for this category
Language:
English
Labels:
9
Marks
Elevated temperature substance mark
Special provisions / remarks
Special provisions:
274, 643, 668
Remarks:
14.5 Environmentally hazardous substance
Not applicable

14.6 Special precautions for user
Refer to Section 7 of the SDS Handling and Storage.

Inland waterway transport (UN RTDG/ADN(R))

UN number:
UN 3257 applies when transported at or above 100°C but below its flash point.
Select a UN number according to the classification rules in ADN Part 2 - classification and the Dangerous Goods List in Table A or Table C (for bulk vessels only)
Shipping information
Proper shipping name and description:
ELEVATED TEMPERATURE LIQUID, N.O.S. (for generic and N.OS. entries the technical name shall be entered in brackets immediately following the proper shipping name, see ADN 3.1.2.8)
Chemical name:
See EC / CAS name listed in Concawe for this category
Language:
English
Labels:
9
Marks
Elevated temperature substance mark
Dangers (Table C shipments only)
9+
(N1, N2, N3, CMR, For S) (see ADN 3.2.3.1 column (5))
Special provisions / remarks
Remarks:
14.5 Environmentally hazardous substance
Not applicable

14.6 Special precautions for user
Refer to Section 7 of the SDS Handling and Storage.

Additional requirement remarks Table C
7, 17, 20, 22, 24, 27

Marine transport (UN RTDG/IMDG)

UN number:
UN 3257 applies when transported at or above 100°C but below its flash point.
Select a UN number according to the classification rules in IMDG Part 2 - classification and the Dangerous Goods list in Part 3.2
Shipping information
Proper shipping name and description:
ELEVATED TEMPERATURE LIQUID, N.O.S. (for generic and N.OS. entries the technical name shall be entered in brackets immediately following the proper shipping name, see IMDG 3.1.2.8)
Chemical name:
See EC / CAS name listed in Concawe for this category
Labels:
9
Marks
Elevated temperature substance mark
Special provisions / remarks
Remarks:
14.5 Marine pollutant
Not applicable

14.6 Special precautions for user
Refer to Section 7 of the SDS Handling and Storage.

14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code
Not applicable, MARPOL Annex 1 rules apply for bulk shipments by sea.

Special provisions
234, 274

Air transport (UN RTDG/ICAO/IATA)

UN number:
UN 3257 applies when transported at or above 100°C but below the flash point.
Select a UN number according to the classification rules in IATA Part 3 - classification and the List of Dangerous Goods list in IATA Part 4.2
Shipping information
Proper shipping name and description:
ELEVATED TEMPERATURE LIQUID, N.O.S. (for generic and N.OS. entries the technical name shall be entered in brackets immediately following the proper shipping name, see IATA 4.1.2.1 (d))
Chemical name:
See EC / CAS name listed in Concawe for this category
Labels:
9
Special provisions / remarks
Remarks:
Liquids transported at a temperature of 100°C or more are forbidden on passenger and cargo aircraft.
14.5 Environmentally hazardous substance
Not applicable

14.6 Special precautions for user
Refer to Section 7 of the SDS Handling and Storage.

Additional transport information

Additional information
Special provisions / remarks / other:
Preamble0.1
The transportation of dangerous goods (by land, water or air) is a specialized p rofessional field. Dangerous goods transport is regulated by an extensive body of recommen dations, regulations, rules and agreements to ensure an adequate and harmonised level of safety for man and environment. Whereas some of these requirements have been adopted as European
Union legislation (see reference), others are legally binding international treaties or sector agreeme nts. They cover all the relevant technical aspects involved in the transport of dangerous goods (e.g. choice of equipment, labelling, documentation, packaging design, testing procedures, op erating procedures etc.).
0.2
In addition to legal obligations discussed in the previous paragraph, Member states will also have in place detailed binding regulations governing the general conduct of transport activities, including licensing and inspection of vehicles, the authorization of drivers and other personnel, and issues relating to the rules of the road. There may also be specific natio nal exceptions and requirements.
0.3
The legal framework and its accompanying detailed prov isions will specify which actions are necessary/mandatory, advisable or forbidden. Extensive repeti tion of this background information is not practicable in a safety data sheet, and could make the document too long and difficult to read and understand, especially in an emergency when clear, brief information is needed.
0.4
The consideration of this background information enables the co ntent of the safety data sheet to be concentrated on the identification of a product's proper shipp ing name and its hazard classification. Where it is relevant, other information may be added. This information will act as key for the professional for retrieving the necessary specific information in the relevant body of transport codes, rules and regulations.
0.5
Substances in this category may be classified differently. Factors affecting classification include composition, closed flash point, initial boiling point and aquatic toxicity. The differences are explained in additional transport informa tion paragraphs that have been numbered.

Exposure controls / personal protection

Note: The information in paragraphs 1 to 3 is not required, according to Art. 14 (1) and (2), and Annex VI, Sect. 5.6 of the Regulation, but is provided as additional guidance for safe use of the substance.1.Product-specific issues1.1.Bitumen handled at elevated temperature may cause thermal burns by contact with molten product.1.2.Heated bitumen will give off fumes. Exposure should be kept to a minimum, by keeping temperatures as low as possible, observing good work practice and ensuring good ventilation around work areas.1.3.Hydrogen sulphide may accumulate in the head space of storage tanks containing bitumen and can reach potentially hazardous concentrations.2.Control parameters2.1.Occupational Exposure Limits2.1.1.Specific limits: none 2.1.2.Related limits (air contaminants):-Asphalt [bitumen] fume-Hydrogen sulphideFor these materials there are occupational exposure limits set by:-National Authorities of EU-member countries -National Authorities of other countries (non EU members) -Competent Professional Bodies (i.e. American Conference of Industrial Hygienists, ACGIH).   These values are recommended but not legally binding by themselves, unless adopted in a national legislation or labor contracts.2.1.3.Note: recommended values for occupational exposure limits are not meant to replace any value set by official regulations or labour contracts2.2.Biological limit values2.2.1.Specific limit values: noneNote: urinary biomarkers of exposure to PAHs may provide an indication of exposure to bitumen2.2.2.Related limit values (air contaminants): none2.3.DNEL / PNEC[No change to existing text.]2.4.Monitoring procedures 2.4.1.Monitoring procedures should be chosen according to the indications set by national authorities or labour contracts.2.4.2.In absence of such indications, direct exposure to bitumen fumes can be assessed with a number of methods. 2.4.3.Any comparison should be made only between data obtained with the same procedure.2.4.4.Dermal exposure can be assessed by the dermal patch method3.Exposure Controls3.1.General Precautions 3.1.1.Engineering/work practices controls:Storage and handling temperatures should be kept as low as feasible to minimize fume production.Reduce exposure to fume by keeping operating temperatures as low as possible taking into account occupational exposure limits and safe handling temperatures (see Section 7 of the SDS). The current recommended maximum temperatures for bitumen & Air-Rectified bitumen are 200°C and for Severely Oxidised bitumen 230°C, respectively. Use above these temperatures is advised against. Where practicable handle within an enclosed process. Alternatively local exhaust ventilation should be considered. Do not enter empty storage tanks until measurements of hydrogen sulphide concentration and available oxygen have been carried out.3.2.Individual protection measures (Personal protective Equipment)3.2.1Use of personal protective equipment must be consistent with good occupational hygiene practices.3.2.2Eye/face protection If splashing is likely, full head and face protection (protective shield and/or safety goggles) should be used. (EN 166)3.2.3Skin protection General indications: Avoid skin contact with fumes or surfaces where fumes may have condensed. Suitable gloves, coveralls, or other chemical resistant clothing should be used to protect exposed areas of skin. Hands:  Heat resistant gloves with long cuffs, or gauntlets (EN 374 - 407).Gloves must be periodically inspected and changed in case of wear, perforations or contaminations.Body: Wear protective clothing for operations with hot material: heat resistant coveralls (with trousers legs over boots and sleeves over cuffs of gloves), heat resistant heavy duty antiskid boots (e. g. leather). (EN 943 – 13034 – 14605)Coveralls should be changed at the end of the work shift and cleaned as necessary to avoid transfer of product to clothes or underwear.Head: For loading/unloading operations: wear safety helmet with integrated full face visor and neck protection. (EN 397)3.2.4Respiratory protectionFor manual applications of hot product in construction (e.g. brushing and rolling) or if If worker exposure is likely to exceed the applicable workplace exposure limit levels, wear a respirator respiratory protection conforming to EN 140 with type A/P2 filter or better.Approved respiratory protection equipment shall be used in spaces where hydrogen sulphide may accumulate: full face mask with cartridge/filter type “B” (grey for inorganic vapours including H2S) or self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). (EN 529)  If exposure level cannot be assessed, or an oxygen deficiency is possible, only SCBA’s should be used. 3.2.5Thermal hazards : See section 3.2.33.3.Environmental exposure controls: None specific4.                       (If applicable, substance registered as an isolated or transported intermediate).  Please refer to the assessment report on Risk Management Measures in Section 13 which provides the required information on Strictly Controlled Conditions for the registration of this isolated/transported intermediate.

Stability and reactivity

Note: The information in Heading 10 is not required, according to Art. 14 (1) and (2), and Annex VI, Sect. 5.7 of the Regulation, but is provided as additional guidance for safe use of the substance.1. Stability 1.1. This substance is stable under all ordinary circumstances at ambient temperatures, and if released into the environment.2. Conditions to avoid2.1. Excessive heating above the maximum recommended handling and storage temperature may cause degradation of the substance and evolution of irritant vapours and fumes. The current recommended maximum temperatures for bitumen & Air-Rectified bitumen are 200°C and for Severely Oxidised bitumen 230°C, respectively. Use above these temperatures is advised against. 3. Materials to avoid 3.1. Contact with strong oxidizers (peroxides, chromates, etc.) may cause a fire hazard.3.2. A mixture with nitrates or other strong oxidisers (e.g. chlorates, perchlorates, liquid oxygen) may create an explosive mass.  Sensitivity to heat, friction or shock cannot be assessed in advance.4. Hazardous decomposition products4.1. None under normal conditions at ambient temperatures.4.2. Combustion (incomplete) will likely generate oxides of carbon, sulphur and nitrogen, as well as additional undetermined organic compounds of the same elements.

Disposal considerations

Note: The information in Heading 13 is not required, according to Art. 14 (1) and (2), and Annex VI, Sect. 5.8 of the Regulation, but is provided as additional guidance for safe use of the substance.1. General information1.1. In the absence of relevant alterations to the material or presence of contaminants, disposal of this substance as surplus (unused) or off-spec material, or waste resulting from the foreseeable use(s), does not present a specific hazard, or require special handling measures other than those indicated in Sect. 7. 2. Methods of disposal2.1. Surplus (unused) or off-spec substance can be recovered or re-conditioned (according to specific characteristics and composition), or can be disposed of as waste according to 2.2.2.2. Used or contaminated substance:2.2.1. Where possible (e.g. in the absence of relevant contamination), recycling of used substance is feasible and recommended.2.2.2. Contaminated or waste substance (not directly recyclable): Disposal can be carried out directly, or by delivery to qualified waste handlers. National legislation may identify a specific organization, and/or prescribe composition limits and methods for recovery or disposal.2.2.3. This substance can be burned or incinerated, subject to national/local authorizations, relevant contamination limits, safety regulations and air quality legislation.2.3. European Waste Catalogue code(s) (Decision 2001/118/CE):05 01 1717 03 022.3.1. These codes can be given only as a suggestion, according to the original composition of the product, and its intended (foreseeable) use(s).  The final user has the responsibility for the attribution of the most suitable code, according to the actual use(s) of the material, contaminations or alterations.2.3.2. Other national or local legislation may require additional identification or other measures for this product, and may also limit or exclude the use of generic (n.o.s.) codes2.4. Container advice2.4.1. Disposal of emptied containers: contact the original supplier or deliver to a qualified disposal organization.2.4.2. Do not cut, weld, bore, burn or incinerate emptied containers, unless they have been cleaned and declared safe. 2.4.3. Do not re-use emptied, unclean containers for other purposes.