Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 270-659-9 | CAS number: 68475-76-3 A complex combination of finely divided inorganic particles separated from the exit gases formed during the manufacture of Portland cement. The flue dust consists of uncalcined raw materials along with partially calcined materials. Some Portland cement clinker is usually included. The major constituents of kiln dust are calcium carbonate, clays, shales, quartz and sulfate salts. The following materials may also be present:@Dolomite@Ca(OH)2@Feldspars@CaSO4@Fly ash@KCl@Iron oxides@K2CO3@CaF2@K2SO4@CaO@Na2SO4@Glasses of SiO2, Al.s@Portland cement chemicals [659
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation
- Remarks:
- other: epidemiological assessment
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The study results of this epidemiological study apply for cement, a product which is about a factor of 20 to 100 more prevalent than Flue dust.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 003
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- epidemiological assessment
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of study:
- other: epidemiological review
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Cement, portland, chemicals
- EC Number:
- 266-043-4
- EC Name:
- Cement, portland, chemicals
- Cas Number:
- 65997-15-1
- Reference substance name:
- cement clinker production and application
- IUPAC Name:
- cement clinker production and application
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Results and discussion
In vivo (non-LLNA)
Results
- Reading:
- other: epidemiological assessment
- Dose level:
- not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: other: epidemiological assessment. Dose level: not applicable.
Any other information on results incl. tables
The endpoint study record describes the results of an epidemiological study and not the results of a test.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The available epidemiological literature provides documentation that supports the hypothesis of a relationship between Cr(VI) in wet cement and allergic dermatitis in construction workers.
- Executive summary:
Chromium, especially hexavalent chromium, is a well known skin sensitiser, and it is assumed th sensitisation reactions in cement workers are the result of the content of hexavalent chromium in cement. Some countries have since the 1980s had legislation which regulates the concentration of the chromium in the cement. A decline in the occurence of cement induced chromium allergy which have been reported during the last 20 -30 years have been attributed to this measure. However, the epidemiological evidence for such a relationship has been questioned. therefore this review of the available epidemiological literature on chromium allergy related to wet cement was carried out. The following two questions were adressed specifically:
- Does Cr(VI) in wet cement cause allergic dermatitis in construction workers?
- Is there any causal association between the reduction of Cr(VI) in cement and the occurence of allergic dermatitis?
The available epidemiological literature supports the hypothesis of a relationship between the chromium (i.e. Cr(VI)) in wet cement and allergic dermatitis in construction workers. there was not found epidemioligical evidence to conclude that there is a causal association between the reduction of Cr(VI) in cement and the reduced occurence of allergic dermatitis. However, although the documentation is relatively sparse, the available documentation indicates such a relationship.
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