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EC number: 605-296-0 | CAS number: 162627-17-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- Version / remarks:
- Oct. 2008
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- (The temperature was slightly higher than stated in the guidelines. The hardness of the test media was not measured. As no decrease of reproduction occurred during the test, these deviations from guideline were stated uncritical.)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.20 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- Version / remarks:
- May 2008
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- (The temperature was slightly higher than stated in the guidelines. The hardness of the test media was not measured. As no decrease of reproduction occurred during the test, these deviations from guideline were stated uncritical.)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Medium renewal was thrice a week, using freshly prepared test solutions. pH, oxygen and DOC were measured in both the old and the new test solutions. Samples were analysed without prior storage.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: water accommodated fractions (WAFs).
WAFs were prepared by weighing the nominal load, adding the corresponding amount of dilution water (Elendt M4 medium) and shaking vigorously for 24 hours. The resulting solution was filtrated through 0.45 µm filters. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Variety: STRAUS
- Strain/clone: Berlin
- Source: in-house culture originally obtained from the Umweltbundesamt (Federal Environment Agency) in Berlin, Germany in 2007
- Sex: female (reproduction by parthenogenesis)
- Age at study initiation: 0 - 24 hours, not belonging to the first brood of the respective parent animals
- Method of breeding: Similar to the method described in EN ISO 6341:
Vessels: preserving glasses, nominal volume 2 L
Medium: M4-Medium (recipe of ELENDT),
Food: green alga (Desmodesmus subspicatus)
Medium renewal: twice a week
Photo period: 16/8 hours, using neon tubes
Temperature: 20 ± 2 °C
- Feeding during test
Food type: same as for breeding
Amount: 0.15 – 0.20 mg org. carbon/animal/day, double amount before weekend
Frequency: daily
PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING NEONATE DAPHNIA:
Several days before the start of the test, adult animals having born their first brood were isolated from the stock. 24 hours before the start of the test, the adult animals were separated from the young. 23 hours later, the adults were caught with the help of a glass tube, and the newborn daphnia, aged between 0 and 23 hours, were sieved from the medium and immediately placed into a 250 ml-beaker containing dilution water. After a settling-in period of 30 minutes, animals which showed no apparent damage were used for the test.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: not relevant, conditions were the same for maintenance and testing - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Hardness:
- 247 mg/L as CaCO3 (calculated from the composition of the Elendt M4 medium)
- Test temperature:
- 20.6-23.9 °C (slightly higher than stated in the guidelines on several readings. This deviation was stated as uncritical since no decrease of reproduction occurred during the test).
- pH:
- 7.5-8.1
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.0-9.9 mg/L air saturation (i.e. > 3 mg/L)
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: loading rate of 100 mg/L
measured: The measured DOC concentrations in the treatment were in a similar range as in the blank control (3.93 mg DOC/L measured at the beginning of the study).
new test solutions: 0.11-3.19 mg DOC/L
old test solutions: 0.18-4.46 mg/DOC/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass beakers, nominal volume 100 mL
- Aeration: none
- Renewal rate of test solution: Days 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 14, 17 and 19
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10
- Biomass loading rate: 80 mL/animal
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: deionised water was used for the preparation of the Elendt M4 medium (as stated in the guidelines)
- Dissolved organic carbon (DOC): 3.93 mg/L (measured in the control medium at the beginning of the study)
- Ca/Mg ratio: 3.7:1
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
-Lighting: ≤ 2000 Lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- The test vessels were inspected for offspring daily. The newborn daphnids were counted and removed from the test vessel. The state of the parental daphnids was recorded (if different from the control). Offspring of dead daphnids were not considered.
RANGE FINDING STUDY
short-term toxicity test to Daphnia:
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study (based on loading rates): 48-h NOELR ≥ 100 mg/L, 48-h EL50 >100 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- not required
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOELR
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: results are expressed in terms of loading rates
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: results are expressed in terms of loading rates
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks:
- (parental)
- Remarks on result:
- other: results are expressed in terms of loading rates
- Details on results:
- - Type and number of morphological abnormalities: none reported
- Type and number of behavioural abnormalities: none reported
- Mortality of parent animals: control 0%; treatment group 10% (1/10)
- Time to first brood release: 10 days for the control and the treatment group
- Mean number of offspring produced per parent animal in the control: 60 (coefficient of variation: 7.2%; n=10)
- Mean number of offspring produced per parent animal in the treatment group: 61 (coefficient of variation: 13.8%; n=9) - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- mortality of the parent animals was 0% at the end of the test (≤20%), mean surviving offspring per parent animal was 60.4 (≥60) and the coefficient of variation was 7.2% (<25%)
Reference
Description of key information
21-d NOELR (based on loading rates) ≥100 mg/L for Daphnia magna (OECD 211, EU C.20)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
The NOEC for the test material is much higher than its water solubility.
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