Butanamide, 2,2'-[(3,3'-dichloro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo)]bis[3-oxo-, N,N'-bis(phenyl and 2,4-xylyl) derivs.

Carcinogenicity

Administrative data

Endpoint:

carcinogenicity: oral

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From JAN 1974 to APR 1976

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Basic data given, comparable to standards

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1976

Report date:

1976

Reference 2

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Carcinogenicity studies on different diarylide yellow pigments in mice and rats

Author:

Leuschner F

Year:

1978

Bibliographic source:

Toxicology Letters 2: 253-260

Report date:

1978

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 451 (Carcinogenicity Studies)

Deviations:

not specified

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

2,2'-[(3,3'-dichloro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo)]bis[3-oxo-N-phenylbutyramide]

EC Number:

228-787-8

EC Name:

2,2'-[(3,3'-dichloro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo)]bis[3-oxo-N-phenylbutyramide]

Cas Number:

6358-85-6

Molecular formula:

C32H26Cl2N6O4

IUPAC Name:

2,2'-[(3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(3-oxo-N-phenylbutanamide)

Test animals

Species:

mouse

Strain:

NMRI

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: S. IVANOVAS GmbH & Co, Med. Versuchstierzucht KG (Kissleg, Germany)
- Age at study initiation: 26 (males) -27 (females) days
- Weight at study initiation: 18.1 - 20.1 g
- Housing: individually in Macrolon cages (Type I)
- Diet: Altromin 1321 (Altromin, Lage), ad libitum
- Water: tap water, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: no data


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 24 +/- 0.5
- Humidity (%): 60 +/- 3
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: feed

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

no

Duration of treatment / exposure:

104 weeks

Frequency of treatment:

daily

Post exposure period:

none

Doses / concentrations

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
1000, 3000, 9000 ppm
Basis:
nominal in diet

No. of animals per sex per dose:

50

Control animals:

yes, plain diet

Positive control:

none

Examinations

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: twice per day


DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: No


BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: weekly


FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if feeding study):
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as g food/kg body weight/day: Yes
- Compound intake calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: Yes


FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Body weight gain in kg/food consumption in kg per unit time X 100 calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: No data


WATER CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if drinking water study): Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: daily


OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: once, immediately before sacrifice
- Dose groups that were examined: all animals


HAEMATOLOGY: No


CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: No


URINALYSIS: No


NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No


OTHER:
at the end of the exposure period the following investigations were performed:
- audiometry (simple sound test)
- inspection of denture
- organ weights from 7-8 organs (heart, liver, lungs, spleen, kidney, thymus, brain, testis)

Sacrifice and pathology:

GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes (animals of the control and highest dose group; paraffin sections, Haematoxylin-Eosin staining):
heart, lung, liver (additionally: frozen sections with Sudan stainings), kidney, spleen, adrenal, thymus, pituitary, brain, gonads, thyroid, prostate, uterus, seminal vesicle, mammary gland, stomach, duodenum, colon, salivary gland, lymph nodes, eye and optic nerve, urinary bladder, bone marrow, neoplastic lesions, bones
- histopathological investigations of animals of the lower dose groups were performed, if they died or were sacrificed in the meantime and revealed macroscopic findings

Statistics:

- variance analysis according to Peto
- Student's t-test

Results and discussion

Results of examinations

Clinical signs:

no effects observed

Mortality:

no mortality observed

Body weight and weight changes:

no effects observed

Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):

no effects observed

Food efficiency:

not examined

Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):

no effects observed

Ophthalmological findings:

no effects observed

Haematological findings:

not examined

Clinical biochemistry findings:

not examined

Urinalysis findings:

not examined

Behaviour (functional findings):

not examined

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

no effects observed

Gross pathological findings:

no effects observed

Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:

no effects observed

Histopathological findings: neoplastic:

no effects observed

Relevance of carcinogenic effects / potential:

The study design is in accordance with existing guidelines. Therefore, the results are considered relevant for the evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of the test item.

Effect levels

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

9 000 ppm (nominal)

Sex:

male/female

Basis for effect level:

other: no increased tumour incidence in treated animals in comparison to controls, 9000 ppm in diet correspond to 1957.1 mg/kg bw/da and 2030.6 mg/kg bw/day in male and female mice, respectively (calculated in the study report on basis of food consumption)

Remarks on result:

other: Effect type: carcinogenicity (migrated information)

Any other information on results incl. tables

 

- no effects on behaviour, appearance, faeces, feed and drinking water uptake, eyes, hearing, dentition, mortality, body weight development

- no substance induced macroscopic or histological changes

- no substance related effects on the tumour incidence (overall tumour rate: 42%, 45%, 40%, 46% in the control, 1000 ppm, 3000 ppm and 9000 ppm dose group, respectively; males: 30%, 36%, 24%, 40%, females: 54%, 54%, 56%, 52% in the control, 1000 ppm, 3000 ppm and 9000 ppm dose group, respectively) - 1000, 3000, 9000 ppm test item in diet correspond to 214, 649, 1957 mg/kg bw/day in male and 219, 681, 2031 mg/kg bw/day in female mice, respectively

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Chronic feeding of NMRI mice with up to 9000 ppm test item in diet (corresponding to 1957 and 2030 mg/kg bw/day in male and female mice, respectively) did not result in an increased tumour incidence in comparison to the control animals, indicating that the test item is not carcinogenic.

Executive summary:

NMRI mice (50 per sex per dose) were exposed to 1000, 3000, 9000 ppm test item in feed (corresponding to 214, 649, 1957 mg/kg bw/da and 219, 681, 2030 mg/kg bw/day in male and female mice, respectively) for 104 weeks. The test item did not induce a treatment related increase in toxicity or tumour incidences. The results of this study do not provide evidence for carcinogenicity of the test item in NMRI mice.