Hydrogen fluoride

Long-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to fish, other

Remarks:

21-days toxicity test with Oncorhynchus mykiss

Type of information:

other: review

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

21 days

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

data from handbook or collection of data

Remarks:

Study summarised in ICD and EU RAR. Methodologcial data for individual studies are incomplete, however the studies have been assessed as part of the EU RAR and are therefore considered to be suitably reliable.

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

other: no guideline stated

Principles of method if other than guideline:

21-day fish toxicity study

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

No further details

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

No further detials in review

Vehicle:

not specified

Details on test solutions:

No further details in review

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

No further details

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Post exposure observation period:

Not relevant

Hardness:

soft water (12 mg CaCO3/l)

Test temperature:

Not reported

pH:

Not reported

Dissolved oxygen:

Not reported

Salinity:

Not reported

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Measured concentration

Details on test conditions:

The test was conducted in very soft (12 mg CaCO3/l) natural water with daily renewal of the test water.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

other: LC5

Effect conc.:

4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: (Slooff et al., 1988)

Details on results:

In a 21 day test with Oncorhynchus mykiss a LC5 value of 4 mg/L was reported (actual concentration). This value is considered to be equivalent to the NOEC for mortality. The test was conducted in very soft (12 mg CaCO3/L) natural water with daily renewal of the test water.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

No results reported.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

No results reported.

In a 21 day test with Oncorhynchus mykiss a LC5 value of 4 mg/L was reported (actual concentration). This value is considered to be equivalent to the NOEC for mortality. The test was conducted in very soft (12 mg CaCO3/L) natural water with daily renewal of the test water.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

In a 21 day test with Oncorhynchus mykiss a LC5 value of 4 mg/L was reported (actual concentration). This value is considered to be equivalent to the NOEC for mortality. The test was conducted in very soft (12 mg CaCO3/L) natural water with daily renewal of the test water.

Executive summary:

In a 21 day test with Oncorhynchus mykiss a LC5 value of 4 mg/L was reported (actual concentration). This value is considered to be equivalent to the NOEC for mortality. The test was conducted in very soft (12 mg CaCO3/L) natural water with daily renewal of the test water.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to fish, other

Remarks:

21-days toxicity test with Oncorhynchus mykiss

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Justification for type of information:

It is considered appropriate to address the long-term toxicity to fish data requirement for hydrogen fluoride (HF) by read-across to available data on sodium fluoride (NaF).

In water, HF (as hydrofluoric acid when in water) dissociates rapidly to form hydrogen (H+) and fluoride (F−) ions, whereas NaF (the highly soluble sodium salt of fluoride) will be fully hydrated in water as separate sodium (Na+) and F- ions. Both HF and NaF (as well as other fluorides) will therefore dissociate rapidly to form F- ions in the aquatic environment, with any effects observed being directly attributable to the F- ion. The Na+ ion is naturally occurring and regulated by organisms (i.e. by homeostatic mechanisms) and consequently is not considered to have an impact on the read-across of ecotoxicological data. On this basis, the profile of HF is comparable to that of NaF with respect to the environment.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

other: LC5

Effect conc.:

4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: (Slooff et al., 1988)

Details on results:

In a 21 day test with Oncorhynchus mykiss a LC5 value of 4 mg/L was reported (actual concentration). This value is considered to be equivalent to the NOEC for mortality. The test was conducted in very soft (12 mg CaCO3/L) natural water with daily renewal of the test water.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

No results reported.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

No results reported.

In a 21 day test with Oncorhynchus mykiss a LC5 value of 4 mg/L was reported (actual concentration). This value is considered to be equivalent to the NOEC for mortality. The test was conducted in very soft (12 mg CaCO3/L) natural water with daily renewal of the test water.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

In a 21 day test with Oncorhynchus mykiss a LC5 value of 4 mg/L was reported (actual concentration). This value is considered to be equivalent to the NOEC for mortality. The test was conducted in very soft (12 mg CaCO3/L) natural water with daily renewal of the test water.

Executive summary:

It is considered appropriate to address the long-term toxicity to fish data requirement for hydrogen fluoride (HF) by read-across to available data on sodium fluoride (NaF). In water, HF (as hydrofluoric acid when in water) dissociates rapidly to form hydrogen (H⁺) and fluoride (F⁻) ions, whereas NaF (the highly soluble sodium salt of fluoride) will be fully hydrated in water as separate sodium (Na⁺) and F^- ions. Both HF and NaF (as well as other fluorides) will therefore dissociate rapidly to form F^- ions in the aquatic environment, with any effects observed being directly attributable to the F^- ion. The Na⁺ ion is naturally occurring and regulated by organisms (i.e. by homeostatic mechanisms) and consequently is not considered to have an impact on the read-across of ecotoxicological data. On this basis, the profile of HF is comparable to that of NaF with respect to the environment.

In a 21 day test with Oncorhynchus mykiss a LC5 value of 4 mg/L was reported (actual concentration). This value is considered to be equivalent to the NOEC for mortality. The test was conducted in very soft (12 mg CaCO3/L) natural water with daily renewal of the test water.

Description of key information

A 21-day study in Oncoryhychus mykiss with sodium fluoride is reviewed in the EU RAR and fluoride ICD (RIVM).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect concentration:

4 mg/L

Additional information

In a 21 day test with Oncorhynchus mykiss, an LC5 value of 4 mg/L was reported (actual concentration). This value is considered to be equivalent to the NOEC for mortality. The test was conducted in very soft (12 mg CaCO3/L) natural water with daily renewal of the test water.